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He also focuses on language development and identifies the zone of proximal development. The Zone of Proximal development is defined as the gap between what a student can do alone and what the student can achieve through teacher assistance. [14] The values and attitudes of the peer group are essential elements in learning.
Youth empowerment examines six interdependent dimensions: psychological, community, organizational, economic, social and cultural. [1] [8] Psychological empowerment enhances individual's consciousness, belief in self-efficacy, awareness and knowledge of problems and solutions and of how individuals can address problems that harm their quality of life. [1]
Similar taste in music and clothing signal others with potentially shared interests and values and often suggest the leisure activities and substance use patterns of which they approve. Thus adolescents emulating similar cultural standards are likely to become friends and these friends are likely to encourage these aspects of their attitudes ...
The adolescent's social options for friendship and romance are limited by her own crowd and by other crowds. [9] Often crowds reinforce the behaviors that originally caused an individual to be labeled part of that crowd, which can positively or negatively influence the individual (toward academic achievement or drug use, for example).
A clique may inhibit external social influence by impacting the emotions, opinions, or behaviors of group members. [16] There are many ways in which the perception of information between members in a clique can influence other members on a greater level than if they had received the same information from a different source.
Substance use prevention and intervention programs have utilized multiple techniques in order to combat the impact of peer pressure. One major technique is peer influence resistance skills. [42] [43] The known correlational relationship between substance use and relationships with others that use makes resistance skills a natural treatment ...
The important social skills identified by the Employment and Training Administration are: [citation needed] Coordination – Adjusting actions in relation to others' actions. Mentoring – Teaching and helping others learn how to do something (e.g. being a study partner). Negotiation – Discussion aimed at reaching an agreement.
For example, without a willingness to take risks, teenagers would not have the motivation or confidence necessary to leave their family of origin. In addition, from a population perspective, there is an advantage to having a group of individuals willing to take more risks and try new methods, counterbalancing the more conservative elements more ...