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An artifact [a] or artefact (British English) is a general term for an item made or given shape by humans, such as a tool or a work of art, especially an object of archaeological interest. [1] In archaeology , the word has become a term of particular nuance; it is defined as an object recovered by archaeological endeavor, including cultural ...
artifact A physical object made by humans. assemblage A set of artefacts or ecofacts found together, from the same place and time. [6] [7] Can refer to the total assemblage from a site, or a specific type of artefact, e.g. lithic assemblage, zooarchaeological assemblage. [8] association
Artifact Creek, a stream in British Columbia, Canada; Artifact Ridge, a mountain ridge in British Columbia, Canada; Artifacting, a technique used on some older computers to generate color in monochrome modes by exploiting artifacts of analog television systems; Learning artifact (education), an object created by students during the course of ...
Cultural artifact is a more generic term and should be considered with two words of similar, but narrower, nuance: it can include objects recovered from archaeological sites, i.e. archaeological artifacts, but can also include objects of modern or early-modern society, or social artifacts.
Sonic artifact, in sound and music production, sonic material that is accidental or unwanted, resulting from the editing of another sound. Visual artifact, in imaging, any unwanted visual alteration introduced by the imaging equipment. Compression artifact, in computer graphics, distortion of media by the data compression.
The definition of the term is not always precise, and institutional definitions such as museum "Departments of Antiquities" often cover later periods, but in normal usage Gothic objects, for example, would not now be described as antiquities, though in 1700 they might well have been, as the cut-off date for antiquities has tended to retreat since the word was first found in English in 1513.
[42] Another metaphor is that provenience is an artifact's "birthplace", while provenance is its "résumé". [43] This can be imprecise. Many artifacts originated as trade goods created in one region, but were used and finally deposited in another. Aside from scientific precision, a need for the distinction in these fields has been described ...
The initial core set of terms was derived from authority lists and the literature of art and architectural history; this core set was reviewed, approved and added to by an advisory team made up scholars from all relevant disciplines, including art and architectural historians, architects, librarians, visual resource curators, archivists, museum personnel, and specialists in thesaurus construction.