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Cephalopods, as active marine predators, possess sensory organs specialized for use in aquatic conditions. [1] They have a camera-type eye which consists of an iris, a circular lens, vitreous cavity (eye gel), pigment cells, and photoreceptor cells that translate light from the light-sensitive retina into nerve signals which travel along the optic nerve to the brain. [2]
Cirrothauma murrayi, the blind cirrate octopus, [2] is a nearly blind octopus whose eyes can sense light, but not form images. It has been found worldwide, usually 1,500 to 4,500 metres (4,900 to 14,800 ft) beneath the ocean's surface.
Scallops have up to 100 simple eyes. The molluscs have the widest variety of eye morphologies of any phylum, [1] and a large degree of variation in their function. Cephalopods such as octopus, squid, and cuttlefish have eyes as complex as those of vertebrates, while scallops have up to 100 simple eyes.
An octopus (pl.: octopuses or octopodes [a]) is a soft-bodied, eight-limbed mollusc of the order Octopoda (/ ɒ k ˈ t ɒ p ə d ə /, ok-TOP-ə-də [3]).The order consists of some 300 species and is grouped within the class Cephalopoda with squids, cuttlefish, and nautiloids.
This octopus is named for the false eye spot (ocellus) under each real eye. These ocelli are an iridescent blue, chain-link circle, set in a circle of black. On its arms, the octopus possesses many "suckers" that it uses to taste. They have three hearts, two gills, blue blood, and a donut-shaped brain. [5]
Although color changes appear to rely primarily on vision input, there is evidence that skin cells, specifically chromatophores, can detect light and adjust to light conditions independently of the eyes. [38] The octopus changes skin color and texture during quiet and active sleep cycles. [39]
They have fins above their eyes, similar to those found on some species of squid. Their maximum size is 20 cm (7.9 in) mantle length. [5] They have eight arms (like any other octopus), but these affixed together in an umbrella shape. [6] However unlike other octopus, they are unable to camouflage by changing skin color and texture. [7]
Grimpoteuthis [1] is a genus of pelagic cirrate (finned) octopods known as the dumbo octopuses. [2] The name "dumbo" originates from their resemblance to the title character of Disney's 1941 film Dumbo, having two prominent ear-like fins which extend from the mantle above each eye.