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In mathematics, the Fibonacci sequence is a sequence in which each element is the sum of the two elements that precede it. Numbers that are part of the Fibonacci sequence are known as Fibonacci numbers , commonly denoted F n .
The term Fibonacci sequence is also applied more generally to any function from the integers to a field for which (+) = + (+).These functions are precisely those of the form () = () + (), so the Fibonacci sequences form a vector space with the functions () and () as a basis.
The k-Wall–Sun–Sun primes can be explicitly defined as primes p such that p 2 divides the k-Fibonacci number (()), where F k (n) = U n (k, −1) is a Lucas sequence of the first kind with discriminant D = k 2 + 4 and () is the Pisano period of k-Fibonacci numbers modulo p. [15]
In the Fibonacci sequence, each number is the sum of the previous two numbers. Fibonacci omitted the "0" and first "1" included today and began the sequence with 1, 2, 3, ... . He carried the calculation up to the thirteenth place, the value 233, though another manuscript carries it to the next place, the value 377.
Fibonacci instead would write the same fraction to the left, i.e., . Fibonacci used a composite fraction notation in which a sequence of numerators and denominators shared the same fraction bar; each such term represented an additional fraction of the given numerator divided by the product of all the denominators below and to the right of it.
The Lucas sequence has the same recursive relationship as the Fibonacci sequence, where each term is the sum of the two previous terms, but with different starting values. [1] This produces a sequence where the ratios of successive terms approach the golden ratio, and in fact the terms themselves are roundings of integer powers of the golden ...
That is to say, the Fibonacci sequence is a divisibility sequence. F p is prime for 8 of the first 10 primes p; the exceptions are F 2 = 1 and F 19 = 4181 = 37 × 113. However, Fibonacci primes appear to become rarer as the index increases. F p is prime for only 26 of the 1229 primes p smaller than 10,000. [3]
For any integer n, the sequence of Fibonacci numbers F i taken modulo n is periodic. The Pisano period, denoted π ( n ), is the length of the period of this sequence. For example, the sequence of Fibonacci numbers modulo 3 begins: