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However, large cracks (bigger than 1/8-inch), horizontal cracks, stair-step cracks, or foundation cracks paired with other issues like stuck doors and windows, bowing walls, and sloped floors ...
The entrance is a long horizontal crack, 35 feet across and four feet tall at the highest. Inside, the first chamber is about 60 feet deep, with slabs of rock fallen from the ceiling to the floor in places. [5] Among the clearly modern graffiti are some carvings which are almost certainly Native American.
The wet adobe is thicker at the base and adds significant strength. Noticeable horizontal cracks define the breaks between courses on the thick outer walls. [7] The process consisted of using damp adobe to form the walls and then waiting for it to dry, and then building it up with more adobe.
Also, other structural practices were added to later buildings, such as placing horizontal bond beams to transfer structural loads to the adobe roof. The extension of vigas some feet outside of the wall is a standard practice. This was used for the creation of portales or covered porches.
A soffit is an exterior architectural feature, generally the horizontal, aloft underside of the roof edge. Its archetypal form, sometimes incorporating or implying the projection of rafters or trusses over the exterior of supporting walls, is the underside of eaves (to connect a supporting wall to projecting edge(s) of the roof ).
An unrendered 9-in. wall is regarded as substandard." [23] Whilst renders are often applied in an attempt to resist rain penetration, they must be maintained in good condition in order to fulfil this function. Even relatively small cracks in renders can allow rain penetration to pass into the underlying masonry.
Oxide jacking has caused concrete spalling on walls of the Herbst Pavilion at Fort Mason Center in San Francisco. The expansive force of rusting, which may be called oxide jacking or rust burst, is a phenomenon that can cause damage to structures made of stone, masonry, concrete or ceramics, and reinforced with metal components.
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