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That is, a misuse of statistics occurs when a statistical argument asserts a falsehood. In some cases, the misuse may be accidental. In others, it is purposeful and for the gain of the perpetrator. When the statistical reason involved is false or misapplied, this constitutes a statistical fallacy.
In statistics, a misleading graph, also known as a distorted graph, is a graph that misrepresents data, constituting a misuse of statistics and with the result that an incorrect conclusion may be derived from it. Graphs may be misleading by being excessively complex or poorly constructed.
Misuse of p-values is common in scientific research and scientific education. p -values are often used or interpreted incorrectly; [ 1 ] the American Statistical Association states that p -values can indicate how incompatible the data are with a specified statistical model. [ 2 ]
Data dredging (also known as data snooping or p-hacking) [1] [a] is the misuse of data analysis to find patterns in data that can be presented as statistically significant, thus dramatically increasing and understating the risk of false positives.
Pages in category "Misuse of statistics" The following 27 pages are in this category, out of 27 total. This list may not reflect recent changes. ...
Persuasive definition – purporting to use the "true" or "commonly accepted" meaning of a term while, in reality, using an uncommon or altered definition. (cf. the if-by-whiskey fallacy) Ecological fallacy – inferring about the nature of an entity based solely upon aggregate statistics collected for the group to which that entity belongs. [27]
The origin of the phrase "Lies, damned lies, and statistics" is unclear, but Mark Twain attributed it to Benjamin Disraeli [1] "Lies, damned lies, and statistics" is a phrase describing the persuasive power of statistics to bolster weak arguments, "one of the best, and best-known" critiques of applied statistics. [2]
Lies, damned lies, and statistics – Phrase criticising misuse of statistics; Paradox – Logically self-contradictory statement; Sophist – Teachers of 5th century BC Greece; Soundness – Term in logic and deductive reasoning; Truth – Being in accord with fact or reality; Validity – Argument whose conclusion must be true if its premises are