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The Jackson ratio is calculated by taking the weight of the tortoise in grams and dividing it by the cube of the length of the tortoise's carapace in centimeters. [1] This is essentially a value of the density of the tortoise in g/cm 3. The optimal value for this ratio is 0.21 with a range of 0.18–0.22 being acceptable for hibernation.
The Coleman–Liau index is a readability test designed by Meri Coleman and T. L. Liau to gauge the understandability of a text. Like the Flesch–Kincaid Grade Level, Gunning fog index, SMOG index, and Automated Readability Index, its output approximates the U.S. grade level thought necessary to comprehend the text.
The testudo was a common formation in the Middle Ages, being used by Muhammad's forces during the Siege of Ta'if in 630, [4] also by the Carolingian Frankish soldiers of Louis the Pious to advance on the walls of Barcelona during the siege of 800–801, by Vikings during the siege of Paris in 885–886, by East Frankish soldiers under king ...
Greek tortoise Temporal range: Pliocene–Holocene Pre๊ ๊ O S D C P T J K Pg N Possible Late Miocene record T. g. nabeulensis male in Tunisia Conservation status Vulnerable (IUCN 3.1) Scientific classification Domain: Eukaryota Kingdom: Animalia Phylum: Chordata Class: Reptilia Order: Testudines Suborder: Cryptodira Superfamily: Testudinoidea Family: Testudinidae Genus: Testudo Species: T ...
Testudinoidea Midland painted turtle (Chrysemys picta marginata) a species of the family Emydidae in the Testudinoidea superfamily : Scientific classification; Domain: ...
Sequence evolution at least in mtDNA is known to proceed much more slowly in some turtles and tortoises than in others; [5] the rate of the mitochondrial 12S rRNA gene in Testudo is probably a rather low 1.0–1.6% per million years (as this fits best the paleobiogeographical situation), limiting the resolution provided by molecular systematics.
Testudo gigantea Schweigger, 1812: 327 [3] Testudo dussumieri Schlegel in Gray, 1830: 3 (nomen nudum) Testudo dussumieri — Gray, 1831d: 9 (nomen rejectum, ICZN 2013) Testudo elephantina A.M.C. Duméril & Bibron, 1835: 110 [4] Testudo ponderosa Günther, 1877: 35 [5] Testudo sumeirei Sauzier, 1892: 396; Testudo gouffei Rothschild, 1906: 753
Testudo hermanii [sic] Gerlach, 2001 ; Testudo hermannii [sic] Claude & Tong, 2004 (ex errore) Eurotestudo hermanni — de Lapparent de Broin et al., 2006; T. h. boettgeri. Testudo graeca var. boettgeri Mojsisovics, 1889; Testudo graeca var. hercegovinensis F. Werner, 1899; Testudo enriquesi Parenzan, 1932; Testudo hermanni boettgeri — Bour, 1987