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Anticholinergic drugs are used to treat a variety of conditions: Dizziness (including vertigo and motion sickness-related symptoms) Extrapyramidal symptoms, a potential side-effect of antipsychotic medications; Gastrointestinal disorders (e.g., peptic ulcers, diarrhea, pyloro spasm, diverticulitis, ulcerative colitis, nausea, and vomiting)
Common Examples Mechanism of benefit and effect Side effects, caution & contraindications Remarks Beta-blockers: Metoprolol; Atenolol; Bisoprolol; Block beta-1 receptors in the heart → stop the effects of catecholamines on the heart→ reduce heart rate, heart contractility and conduction velocity → reduce the workload of the heart [15 ...
Most common CNS disorders are highly polygenic in nature; that is, they are controlled by complex interactions between numerous gene products. As such, these conditions do not exhibit the single gene defect basis that is so attractive for the development of highly-specific drugs largely free of major undesirable side-effects ("the magic bullet ...
Brompheniramine's effects on the cholinergic system may include side-effects such as drowsiness, sedation, dry mouth, dry throat, blurred vision, and increased heart rate. It is listed as one of the drugs of highest anticholinergic activity in a study of anticholinergenic burden, including long-term cognitive impairment.
Drug-induced arrhythmia worsened by anticholinergics' side effect of tachycardia. Parkinson's disease, e.g. levodopa. Atropine decreases the absorption of levodopa. Preventing travel sickness, relieve stomach cramps or spasms, e.g. hyoscine. Additive effect. Nausea and vomiting, e.g. cyclizine. Additive effect.
The effect is to prevent spasms of the stomach, intestine or urinary bladder. Both dicyclomine and hyoscyamine are antispasmodic due to their anticholinergic action. [medical citation needed] Both of these drugs have side effects common to anticholinergics and can worsen gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD). [2]
The most prominent side effects are dizziness and sleepiness. [41] Diphenhydramine is a potent anticholinergic agent and potential deliriant in higher doses. This activity is responsible for the side effects of dry mouth and throat, increased heart rate, pupil dilation, urinary retention, constipation, and, at high doses, hallucinations or ...
Medications are used to reverse the symptoms of extrapyramidal side effects caused by antipsychotics or other drugs, by either directly or indirectly increasing dopaminergic neurotransmission. The treatment varies by the type of the EPS, but may involve anticholinergic agents such as procyclidine, benztropine, diphenhydramine, and trihexyphenidyl.