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Pneumonic plague can be caused in two ways: primary, which results from the inhalation of aerosolized plague bacteria, or secondary, when septicemic plague spreads into lung tissue from the bloodstream. Pneumonic plague is not exclusively vector-borne like bubonic plague; instead, it can be spread from person to person. There have been cases of ...
The pneumonic plague is the only form of the plague capable of person-to-person transmission, which occurs during droplet-respiration, or breathing, as opposed to other forms of the plague. [50] [51] The 1924 Los Angeles pneumonic plague outbreak was the last instance of aerosol transmission of the plague in the United States. [12]
This is an accepted version of this page This is the latest accepted revision, reviewed on 17 December 2024. Disease caused by Yersinia pestis bacterium This article is about the disease caused by Yersinia pestis. For other uses, see Plague. Medical condition Plague Yersinia pestis seen at 200× magnification with a fluorescent label. Specialty Infectious disease Symptoms Fever, weakness ...
There are three types of plague – bubonic, septicemic and pneumonic plague. With the pneumonic form of plague – which means it affects the lungs – there is a risk of direct transmission from ...
Transmission to humans is usually through the bite of infected fleas. If the disease has progressed to the pneumonic form, humans can spread the bacterium to others through airborne respiratory droplets; others who catch plague this way will mostly contract the pneumonic form themselves. [25]
Pla is a critical virulence factor for plague. In bubonic plague, Pla promotes the invasion of Y. pestis from subcutaneous sites of inoculation into the lymphatic system and deeper tissues. [2] In contrast, Pla is important for bacterial growth in the lung during pneumonic plague but it is not required for dissemination to other tissues. [3]
The overall risk of death for all types of plague in the U.S., according to Mayo Clinic, is around 11%. The most important factor for survival is that medical attention begins promptly.
The bubonic form of the plague has a mortality rate of thirty to seventy-five percent and symptoms include fever of 38–41 °C (101–105 °F), headaches, painful aching joints, nausea and vomiting, and a general feeling of malaise. The second most common form is the pneumonic plague and has symptoms that include fever, cough, and blood-tinged ...