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Antimicrobial spectrum. A simplified diagram showing common disease-causing bacteria and the antibiotics which act against them. The antimicrobial spectrum of an antibiotic means the range of microorganisms it can kill or inhibit. Antibiotics can be divided into broad-spectrum antibiotics, extended-spectrum antibiotics and narrow-spectrum ...
Ampicillin/sulbactam is a fixed-dose combination medication of the common penicillin -derived antibiotic ampicillin and sulbactam, an inhibitor of bacterial beta-lactamase. Two different forms of the drug exist. The first, developed in 1987 and marketed in the United States under the brand name Unasyn, generic only outside the United States, is ...
Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Pseudomonas aeruginosa is a common encapsulated, Gram-negative, aerobic – facultatively anaerobic, rod-shaped bacterium that can cause disease in plants and animals, including humans. [ 1 ][ 2 ] A species of considerable medical importance, P. aeruginosa is a multidrug resistant pathogen recognized for its ubiquity ...
Piperacillin. Piperacillin is a broad-spectrum β-lactam antibiotic of the ureidopenicillin class. [1] The chemical structure of piperacillin and other ureidopenicillins incorporates a polar side chain that enhances penetration into Gram-negative bacteria and reduces susceptibility to cleavage by Gram-negative beta lactamase enzymes.
However, these classifications are based on laboratory behavior. The development of antibiotics has had a profound effect on the health of people for many years. Also, both people and animals have used antibiotics to treat infections and diseases. In practice, both treat bacterial infections. [1]
Clavulanic acid. Clavulanic acid is a β-lactam drug that functions as a mechanism-based β-lactamase inhibitor. While not effective by itself as an antibiotic, when combined with penicillin -group antibiotics, it can overcome antibiotic resistance in bacteria that secrete β-lactamase, which otherwise inactivates most penicillins.
Pseudomonas oryzihabitans. Pseudomonas oryzihabitans is a nonfermenting yellow-pigmented, gram-negative, rod-shaped bacterium that can cause sepsis, peritonitis, endophthalmitis, and bacteremia. [1] It is an opportunistic pathogen of humans and warm-blooded animals that is commonly found in several environmental sources, from soil to rice paddies.
Extended-spectrum penicillin. The extended-spectrum penicillins are a group of antibiotics that have the widest antibacterial spectrum of all penicillins. [1] Some sources identify them with antipseudomonal penicillins, [2] others consider these types to be distinct. [3] This group includes the carboxypenicillins and the ureidopenicillins.