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Sulfuric acid is a very important commodity chemical; a country's sulfuric acid production is a good indicator of its industrial strength. [9] Many methods for its production are known, including the contact process, the wet sulfuric acid process, and the lead chamber process. [10] Sulfuric acid is also a key substance in the chemical industry.
Soil acidification. Soil acidification is the buildup of hydrogen cations, which reduces the soil pH. Chemically, this happens when a proton donor gets added to the soil. The donor can be an acid, such as nitric acid, sulfuric acid, or carbonic acid. It can also be a compound such as aluminium sulfate, which reacts in the soil to release protons.
Scarification in botany involves weakening, opening, or otherwise altering the coat of a seed to encourage germination. Scarification is often done mechanically, thermally, and chemically. The seeds of many plant species are often impervious to water and gases, thus preventing or delaying germination. Any process designed to make the testa ...
For modern humidity-measuring instruments, see hygrometer. Hygroscopy is the phenomenon of attracting and holding water molecules via either absorption or adsorption from the surrounding environment, which is usually at normal or room temperature. If water molecules become suspended among the substance's molecules, adsorbing substances can ...
Oleum is a useful form for transporting sulfuric acid compounds, typically in rail tank cars, between oil refineries, which produce various sulfur compounds as a byproduct of refining, and industrial consumers. Certain compositions of oleum are solid at room temperature, and thus are safer to ship than as a liquid.
Definition and concepts. Plant density is defined as the number of plants present per unit area of ground. In nature, plant densities can be especially high when seeds present in a seed bank germinate after winter, or in a forest understory after a tree fall opens a gap in the canopy. Due to competition for light, nutrients and water ...
Piranha solution, also known as piranha etch, is a mixture of sulfuric acid (H2SO4) and hydrogen peroxide (H2O2). The resulting mixture is used to clean organic residues off substrates, for example silicon wafers. [1] Because the mixture is a strong oxidizing agent, it will decompose most organic matter, and it will also hydroxylate most ...
Rhus ovata. Rhus ovata, commonly known as sugar bush or sugar sumac, [1] is a shrub or small tree found growing in the canyons and slopes of the chaparral and related ecosystems in Southern California, Arizona, Baja California and Baja California Sur. It is a long lived-plant, up to 100 years, and has dense evergreen foliage that make it ...