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1952 Shell Oil film showing the development of the diesel engine from 1877. The diesel engine, named after the German engineer Rudolf Diesel, is an internal combustion engine in which ignition of diesel fuel is caused by the elevated temperature of the air in the cylinder due to mechanical compression; thus, the diesel engine is called a compression-ignition engine (CI engine).
However, a real diesel engine will be more efficient overall since it will have the ability to operate at higher compression ratios. If a petrol engine were to have the same compression ratio, then knocking (self-ignition) would occur and this would severely reduce the efficiency, whereas in a diesel engine, the self ignition is the desired ...
The diesel engine is a technical refinement of the 1876 Otto-cycle engine. Where Otto had realized in 1861 that the efficiency of the engine could be increased by first compressing the fuel mixture prior to its ignition, Rudolf Diesel wanted to develop a more efficient type of engine that could run on much heavier fuel.
A two-stroke diesel engine is a diesel engine that uses compression ignition in a two-stroke combustion cycle. It was invented by Hugo Güldner in 1899. [1] In compression ignition, air is first compressed and heated; fuel is then injected into the cylinder, causing it to self-ignite.
In engines with more than one cylinder they are usually arranged either in 1 row (straight engine) or 2 rows (boxer engine or V engine); 3 or 4 rows are occasionally used in contemporary engines, and other engine configurations are possible and have been used.
The cylinder heads are integrated into the engine block, but the crankcase is separate. [2] Typical 1930-1960 flathead engine with integrated crankcase. The cylinder head is tipped upwards for illustrative purposes. An engine where all the cylinders share a common block is called a monobloc engine. Most modern engines use a monobloc design, and ...
Animation of the 1-2-4-5-3 firing order MAN B&W 5S50MC 1,865 litre marine diesel engine. Straight-five engines are typically shorter than straight-six engines, making them easier to fit transversely in an engine bay. [1] They are also smoother than straight-four engines, [1] and are narrower than V engines [2] and flat engines.
Cylinder liners (also known as sleeves) are thin metal cylinder-shaped parts which are inserted into the engine block to form the inner wall of the cylinder. [4] [5] Alternatively, an engine can be 'sleeveless', where the cylinder walls are formed by the engine block with a wear-resistant coating, such as Nikasil or plasma-sprayed bores.