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Childhood cataract is cataract that occurs at birth or in childhood. [1] It may be congenital or acquired. Congenital cataracts are defined as the presence of lens opacification during childhood. [2] About 1.14 million children in the world are blind. [3] Cataracts are the leading cause of blindness in children. [4]
Congenital cataracts are considered to be a significant cause of childhood blindness. This condition is considered 'treatable' with early intervention and compared to other types of childhood visual loss problems, however, in parts of the world where treatment options are not available such as some low-income countries, the condition may go ...
The presence of cataracts in childhood or early life can occasionally be due to a particular syndrome. Examples of chromosome abnormalities associated with cataracts include 1q21.1 deletion syndrome , cri-du-chat syndrome , Down syndrome , Patau's syndrome , trisomy 18 ( Edward's syndrome ), and Turner's syndrome , and in the case of ...
This includes cataracts, the infections river blindness and trachoma, glaucoma, diabetic retinopathy, uncorrected refractive errors, and some cases of childhood blindness. [15] Many people with significant visual impairment benefit from vision rehabilitation , changes in their environment, and assistive devices.
Aphakia is the absence of the lens of the eye, due to surgical removal, such as in cataract surgery, a perforating wound or ulcer, or congenital anomaly. It causes a loss of ability to maintain focus (accommodation), high degree of farsightedness (), [1] and a deep anterior chamber.
A congenital cataract is an example of such a condition. Strabismic Amblyopia: The most common form, this type arises when the eyes are not properly aligned, leading to double vision. To avoid confusion, the brain compensates by ignoring the visual input from the misaligned eye.
When refractive errors in children are not treated, the child may be at risk of developing ambylopia, where vision may remain permanently blurry. [33] Because young children typically do not complain of blurry vision, the American Academy of Pediatrics recommends that children have yearly vision screening starting at three years old so that unknown refractive errors or other ophthalmic ...
Childhood blindness is an important contribution to the national prevalence of the disability of blindness. [3] Blindness in children can be defined as a visual acuity of <3/60 in the eye with better vision of a child under 16 years of age. [ 4 ]