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The trade winds (also called trades) are the prevailing pattern of easterly surface winds found in the tropics near the Earth's equator, [4] equatorward of the subtropical ridge. These winds blow predominantly from the northeast in the Northern Hemisphere and from the southeast in the Southern Hemisphere . [ 5 ]
Chinook wind – Warm, dry wind in North America; Diablo wind – Northern California weather pattern; Khamsin – Local name for a dry, hot wind in Egypt and the Levant; Norte (wind) – strong cold wind which blows from the northeast in Mexico along the Gulf of Mexico
The term originally derives from the early fourteenth century sense of trade (in late Middle English) still often meaning "path" or "track". [2] The Portuguese recognized the importance of the trade winds (then the volta do mar, meaning in Portuguese "turn of the sea" but also "return from the sea") in navigation in both the north and south Atlantic Ocean as early as the 15th century. [3]
If the Earth were tidally locked to the Sun, solar heating would cause winds across the mid-latitudes to blow in a poleward direction, away from the subtropical ridge. . However, the Coriolis effect caused by the rotation of Earth tends to deflect poleward winds eastward from north (to the right) in the Northern Hemisphere and eastward from south (to the left) in the Southern Hemisph
Burle (north wind which blows in the winter in south-central France) Cers (strong, very dry northeasterly wind in the bas-Languedoc region in southern France) Cierzo (cool north/northwesterly wind on Ebro Valley in Spain) Crivăț (strong, very cold north-easterly wind in Moldavia, Dobruja, and the Bărăgan Plain parts of Romania.)
Across North America during La Niña, increased precipitation is diverted into the Pacific Northwest due to a more northerly storm track and jet stream. [64] The storm track shifts far enough northward to bring wetter than normal conditions (in the form of increased snowfall) to the Midwestern states, as well as hot and dry summers.
Trade winds also steer African dust westward across the Atlantic Ocean into the Caribbean, as well as portions of southeast North America. [ 33 ] A monsoon is a seasonal prevailing wind that lasts for several months within tropical regions.
The föhns called "Chinook winds" are seen throughout most of inland western North America, particularly the Rocky Mountain region. Montana especially has a significant amount of föhn winds throughout much of the state during the winter months, but particularly coming off the Rocky Mountain Front in the northern and west-central areas of the ...