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The Gaussian gravitational constant used in space dynamics is a defined constant and the Cavendish experiment can be considered as a measurement of this constant. In Cavendish's time, physicists used the same units for mass and weight, in effect taking g as a standard acceleration.
Based on this, Hutton's 1778 result is equivalent to G ≈ 8 × 10 −11 m 3 ⋅kg −1 ⋅s −2. Diagram of torsion balance used in the Cavendish experiment performed by Henry Cavendish in 1798, to measure G, with the help of a pulley, large balls hung from a frame were rotated into position next to the small balls.
Books often describe Cavendish's work as a measurement of either G or the Earth's mass. Since these are related to the Earth's density by a trivial web of algebraic relations, none of these sources are wrong, but they do not match the exact word choice of Cavendish, [23] [24] and this mistake has been pointed out by several authors.
The value of the constant G was first accurately determined from the results of the Cavendish experiment conducted by the British scientist Henry Cavendish in 1798, although Cavendish did not himself calculate a numerical value for G. [5] This experiment was also the first test of Newton's theory of gravitation between masses in the laboratory.
Albert A. Michelson and Henry G. Gale: Measurement Earth's rotation: 1929 Rüchardt experiment: Eduard Rüchardt: Measurement Heat capacity ratio: 1932 Kennedy–Thorndike experiment: Roy J. Kennedy and Edward M. Thorndike Confirmation Inertial frame invariance of speed of light 1938 Ives–Stilwell experiment: Herbert E. Ives and G. R ...
Reasonably accurate measurements were not available in until the Cavendish experiment by Henry Cavendish in 1797. [ 97 ] In Newton's theory [ 98 ] (rewritten using more modern mathematics) the density of mass ρ {\displaystyle \rho \,} generates a scalar field, the gravitational potential φ {\displaystyle \varphi \,} in joules per kilogram, by
Measure G would expand the L.A. County Board of Supervisors to nine members from its current five: from left, Janice Hahn, Hilda Solis, Lindsey Horvath, Kathryn Barger and Holly Mitchell.
In 1798 Henry Cavendish performed an experiment now always described in physics textbooks as a measurement of the universal constant G. Cavendish did not report his work as a measurement of a gravitational constant, however, and in fact that did not become the standard interpretation for over 100 years.