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A relatively new rating designation for sun protective textiles and clothing is UPF (ultraviolet protection factor), which represents the ratio of sunburn-causing UV measured without and with the protection of the fabric. For example, a fabric rated UPF 30 means that, if 30 units of UV fall on the fabric, only 1 unit will pass through to the skin.
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Textile fibres or textile fibers (see spelling differences) can be created from many natural sources (animal hair or fur, cocoons as with silk worm cocoons), as well as semisynthetic methods that use naturally occurring polymers, and synthetic methods that use polymer-based materials, and even minerals such as metals to make foils and wires.
Textile printing is related to dyeing but in dyeing properly the whole fabric is uniformly covered with one colour, whereas in printing one or more colours are applied to it in certain parts only, and in sharply defined patterns. [1] In printing, wooden blocks, stencils, engraved plates, rollers, or silkscreens can be used to place colours on ...
The "front" of a piece of fabric having a distinct front and back; same as right side. facing A facing is fabric used to finish the raw edges of a garment such as at neckline and armhole. Shaped facings are cut to match the edge they will face, and bias facings are strips of fabric cut on the bias or cross-grain and shaped to fit edge.
Equations may be used to determine the weight of warp and weft required for a particular fabric: Weight of warp = (0.65 x qty. of fabric (metres) x no. of warp ends) / count; If there are two colors in the warp, use the following equations: Weight of color A (kg) = (0.65 x qty. of fabric (metres) x no. of warp ends of color A) / count of color A
A piece of fabric is then secured over the cup and placed in a controlled environment. Then after period of time the cup is weighed to see how much water has been “pulled” into the cup through the fabric. The weight is then extrapolated to show the number of grams of sweat passing through a square meter fabric in 24 hours.
Duck fabric is woven with two yarns together in the warp and a single yarn in the weft. By treating with wax, duck fabric can be made waterproof (see waxed cotton ). Cotton duck strips were the origin of duck tape, recorded in the Oxford English Dictionary as having been in use since 1899 [ 3 ] (see duct tape ).