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As early as the late 19th century, cities such as Boston and Philadelphia operated independent school lunch programs, with the assistance of volunteers or charities. [11] Until the 1930s, most school lunch programs were volunteer efforts led by teachers and mothers' clubs. [12] These programs drew on the expertise of professional home economics ...
Additionally, 75 million school-age children (55% of them girls) do not attend school, with 47% of them living in sub-Saharan Africa. [5] Thus, the need to reduce hunger while increasing school enrollment in these children is evident, and school feeding programs have been developed to target this multifaceted problem.
Free school meals can be universal school meals for all students or limited by income-based criteria, which can vary by country. [14] A study of a free school meal program in the United States found that providing free meals to elementary and middle school children in areas characterized by high food insecurity led to better school discipline among the students. [15]
Soon a lunch committee was established within the Home and School League, and lunches were extended to include nine schools in the city. [ 4 ] In 1909, Dr. Cheesman A. Herrick, who was principal of the William Penn High School for Girls was credited with accomplishing the transfer of responsibilities for the operation and support of the lunch ...
In FY 2011, federal spending totaled $10.1 billion for the National School Lunch Program. [3] The Healthy, Hunger-Free Kids Act allows USDA, for the first time in 30 years, opportunity to make real reforms to the school lunch and breakfast programs by improving the critical nutrition and hunger safety net for millions of children. [4]
The School Lunch Act did not require schools to serve school meals. [4] However, the vast majority of Japanese schools serve school lunches; in 2014, 99.2% of elementary schools and 87.9% of junior high schools did so. [8] The city of Yokohama did not serve school meals in middle schools until April 2018, when the city began providing them.
The programme supplies free lunches on working days for children in government primary and upper primary schools, government aided Anganwadis, Madarsa and Maqtabs. [3] Serving 120 million children in over 1.27 million schools and Education Guarantee Scheme centres, the Midday Meal Scheme is the largest of its kind in the world. [4]
In the United States, school lunch programmes are the second-biggest anti-hunger initiative after food stamps. Every year, nearly 30 million children rely on schools to provide free or low-cost meals including breakfast, lunch, snacks, and even dinner. [138]