Search results
Results From The WOW.Com Content Network
For example, the limiting acid in liquid ammonia is the ammonium ion, NH 4 + which has a pK a value in water of 9.25. The limiting base is the amide ion, NH 2 −. NH 2 − is a stronger base than the hydroxide ion and so cannot exist in aqueous solution. The pK a value of ammonia is estimated to be approximately 34 (c.f. water, 14 [3] [4]).
A droplet of water forms a spherical shape, minimizing contact with the hydrophobic leaf. Cocoa powder, an example of a "hydrophobic substance". The hydrophobic effect is the observed tendency of nonpolar substances to aggregate in an aqueous solution and to be excluded by water.
Non-aqueous phase liquids, or NAPLs, are organic liquid contaminants characterized by their relative immiscibility with water. Common examples of NAPLs are petroleum products, coal tars, chlorinated solvents, and pesticides. Strategies employed for their removal from the subsurface environment have expanded since the late-20th century. [1] [2]
A dense non-aqueous phase liquid or DNAPL is a denser-than-water NAPL, i.e. a liquid that is both denser than water and is immiscible in or does not dissolve in water. [1]The term DNAPL is used primarily by environmental engineers and hydrogeologists to describe contaminants in groundwater, surface water and sediments.
In the table above, it can be seen that water is the most polar-solvent, followed by DMSO, and then acetonitrile. Consider the following acid dissociation equilibrium: HA ⇌ A − + H + Water, being the most polar-solvent listed above, stabilizes the ionized species to a greater extent than does DMSO or Acetonitrile.
Making a saline water solution by dissolving table salt in water.The salt is the solute and the water the solvent. In chemistry, a solution is defined by IUPAC as "A liquid or solid phase containing more than one substance, when for convenience one (or more) substance, which is called the solvent, is treated differently from the other substances, which are called solutes.
The change in chemical potential of a solvent when a solute is added explains why boiling point elevation takes place. The boiling point elevation is a colligative property , which means that boiling point elevation is dependent on the number of dissolved particles but not their identity.
A light non-aqueous phase liquid (LNAPL) is a groundwater contaminant that is not soluble in water and has a lower density than water, in contrast to a DNAPL which has a higher density than water. Once a LNAPL pollution infiltrates the ground , it will stop at the depth of the water table because of its positive buoyancy .