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Triiodothyronine, also known as T 3, is a thyroid hormone. It affects almost every physiological process in the body, including growth and development, metabolism, body temperature, and heart rate. [1] Production of T 3 and its prohormone thyroxine (T 4) is activated by thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH), which is released from the anterior ...
The pituitary gland secretes thyrotropin (TSH; Thyroid Stimulating Hormone) that stimulates the thyroid to secrete thyroxine (T4) and, to a lesser degree, triiodothyronine (T3). The major portion of T3, however, is produced in peripheral organs, e.g. liver, adipose tissue, glia and skeletal muscle by deiodination from
Further information: Thyroid function tests. Triiodothyronine (T 3) and thyroxine (T 4) can be measured as free T 3 and free T 4, which are indicators of their activities in the body. [74] They can also be measured as total T 3 and total T 4, which depend on the amount that is bound to thyroxine-binding globulin (TBG). [74]
TSH (with a half-life of about an hour) stimulates the thyroid gland to secrete the hormone thyroxine (T 4), which has only a slight effect on metabolism. T 4 is converted to triiodothyronine (T 3), which is the active hormone that stimulates metabolism. About 80% of this conversion is in the liver and other organs, and 20% in the thyroid ...
The thyroid hormones increase the rate of cellular metabolism, and include thyroxine (T4) and triiodothyronine (T3). Secretion is stimulated by the thyroid-stimulating hormone, secreted by the anterior pituitary. When thyroid levels are high, there is negative feedback that decreases the amount of Thyroid-stimulating hormone secreted.
Triiodothyronine: T 3: Amino acid derivative peripheral tissue of thyroid gland: Thyroid follicular cell / Tyrosine: thyroid hormone receptor: nearly every cell in the body increased metabolism 5 Thyroxine: T 4: Amino acid derivative thyroid gland: Thyroid follicular cell / Tyrosine: thyroid hormone receptor: nearly every cell in the body
Three related isoforms, deiodinase type I, II, and III, contribute to activation and inactivation of the initially released hormone precursor T 4 into T 3 (triiodothyronine) or rT 3 (reverse triiodothyronine) in target cells. The enzymes catalyze a reductive elimination of iodine (the different isoforms attack different thyronine positions ...
Thyroid hormones are important for normal development. [28] They increase the growth rate of young people, [29] and cells of the developing brain are a major target for the thyroid hormones T 3 and T 4. Thyroid hormones play a particularly crucial role in brain maturation during fetal development and first few years of postnatal life [28]