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Mohs hardness kit, containing one specimen of each mineral on the ten-point hardness scale. The Mohs scale (/ m oʊ z / MOHZ) of mineral hardness is a qualitative ordinal scale, from 1 to 10, characterizing scratch resistance of minerals through the ability of harder material to scratch softer material.
Mohs scale of mineral hardness; Mohs hardness of materials (data page) Vickers hardness test; Brinell scale This page was last edited on ...
The Mohs scale of mineral hardness, based on scratch hardness comparison, defines value 1 as the hardness of talc, the softest mineral. When scraped on a streak plate , talc produces a white streak, though this indicator is of little importance, because most silicate minerals produce a white streak.
Because of corundum's hardness (pure corundum is defined to have 9.0 on the Mohs scale), it can scratch almost all other minerals. It is commonly used as an abrasive on sandpaper and on large tools used in machining metals, plastics, and wood.
Soapstone is relatively soft because of its high talc content—talc has a definitional value of 1 on the Mohs hardness scale. Softer grades may feel similar to soap when touched, hence the name. No fixed hardness is given for soapstone because the amount of talc it contains varies widely, from as little as 30% for architectural grades such as ...
Carl Friedrich Christian Mohs (/ m oʊ z / MOHZ, German: [ˈfʁiːdʁɪç ˈmoːs]; 29 January 1773 – 29 September 1839) was a German chemist and mineralogist. He was the creator of the Mohs scale of mineral hardness. [1] Mohs also introduced a classification of the crystal forms in crystal systems independently of Christian Samuel Weiss. [2]
Apatite is the defining mineral for 5 on the Mohs scale. [11] It can be distinguished in the field from beryl and tourmaline by its relative softness. It is often fluorescent under ultraviolet light. [12] Apatite is one of a few minerals produced and used by biological micro-environmental systems. [7]
A few minerals such as calcite and kyanite have a hardness that depends significantly on direction. [9]: 254–255 Hardness can also be measured on an absolute scale using a sclerometer; compared to the absolute scale, the Mohs scale is nonlinear. [8]: 52 Tenacity refers to the way a mineral behaves, when it is broken, crushed, bent or torn.