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In physics, a pulse is a generic term describing a single disturbance that moves through a transmission medium. This medium may be vacuum (in the case of electromagnetic radiation ) or matter , and may be indefinitely large or finite.
A moving line of cars, a situation susceptible to the accordion effect.. In physics, the accordion effect (also known as the slinky effect, concertina effect, elastic band effect, and string instability) occurs when fluctuations in the motion of a traveling body cause disruptions in the flow of elements following it.
Kerr and Dold showed that such disturbances exist with finite amplitude, thus making the solution an exact to Navier–Stokes equations. Introducing a stream function ψ {\displaystyle \psi } for the disturbance velocity components, the equations for disturbances in vorticity-streamfunction formulation can be shown to reduce to
A wave along the length of a stretched Slinky toy, where the distance between coils increases and decreases, is a good visualization. Real-world examples include sound waves (vibrations in pressure, a particle of displacement, and particle velocity propagated in an elastic medium) and seismic P waves (created by earthquakes and explosions).
In astronomy, perturbation is the complex motion of a massive body subjected to forces other than the gravitational attraction of a single other massive body. [1] The other forces can include a third (fourth, fifth, etc.) body, resistance, as from an atmosphere, and the off-center attraction of an oblate or otherwise misshapen body.
A sine wave, sinusoidal wave, or sinusoid (symbol: ∿) is a periodic wave whose waveform (shape) is the trigonometric sine function. In mechanics, as a linear motion over time, this is simple harmonic motion; as rotation, it corresponds to uniform circular motion.
Bloch oscillations were predicted by Nobel laureate Felix Bloch in 1929. [1] However, they were not experimentally observed for a long time, because in natural solid-state bodies, is (even with very high electric field strengths) not large enough to allow for full oscillations of the charge carriers within the diffraction and tunneling times, due to relatively small lattice periods.
Thus simple harmonic motion is a type of periodic motion. If energy is lost in the system, then the mass exhibits damped oscillation. Note if the real space and phase space plot are not co-linear, the phase space motion becomes elliptical. The area enclosed depends on the amplitude and the maximum momentum.