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Patellar tendinitis, also known as jumper's knee, is an overuse injury of the tendon that straightens the knee. [1] Symptoms include pain in the front of the knee. [1] Typically the pain and tenderness is at the lower part of the kneecap, though the upper part may also be affected. [2] Generally there is no pain when the person is at rest. [2]
Symptoms may worsen if the knee is overly straightened or bent for too long a period. [2] Complications may include an inability to fully straighten the knee. [2] The underlying mechanism may involve bleeding, inflammation, or insufficient space for the fat pad. [2] This may occur as a result of trauma or surgery to the knee. [1]
Malalignment of the patella or abnormal patellar tracking as it moves through the femoral groove. [ 7 ] People with genu valgum have larger than normal Q-angles causing the weight-bearing line to fall lateral to the centre of the knee causing overstretching of the MCL and stressing the lateral meniscus and cartilages.
Risk factors include patellar tendinitis, kidney failure, diabetes, and steroid or fluoroquinolone use. [1] [2] There are two main types of ruptures: partial and complete. [1] In most cases, the patellar tendon tears at the point where it attaches to the knee cap. [1] Diagnosis is based on symptoms, examination, and medical imaging. [1]
The condition may result from acute injury to the patella or chronic friction between the patella and a groove in the femur through which it passes during knee flexion. [11] Possible causes include a tight iliotibial band, neuromas, bursitis, overuse, malalignment, core instability, and patellar maltracking. [citation needed]
Knee pain is pain caused by wear and tear, such as osteoarthritis or a meniscal tear. Effective treatments for knee pain include physical therapy exercises, [28] pain-reducing drugs such as ibuprofen, joint stretching, [29] [30] knee replacement surgery, and weight loss in people who are overweight. [27]