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The United Nations estimates that around 2.2 billion people worldwide don’t have access to safely managed drinking water. For many, that means working hard to get what they need .
Sub-Saharan Africa has the largest number of water-stressed countries of any other place on the planet and of an estimated 800 million people who live in Africa, 300 million live in a water stressed environment. [5] In 2012, it was estimated that by 2030, 75 million to 250 million people in Africa will be living in areas of high water stress. [5]
The WHO (2006) stated that, in 2004, only 16% of people in sub-Saharan Africa had access to drinking water through a household connection (an indoor tap or a tap in the yard). Even when there is available water in these places, there is poor access to readily accessible drinking water as there are risks of contamination due to several factors.
About 7.2 million people needed food aid, and 4.4 million people needed help to access water. Food prices have increased a lot due to the drought conditions. Many people in the affected area have experienced food shortages due to the water insecurity situation. [93] In the Awash basin in central Ethiopia floods and droughts are common.
[8]: 560 Many people in Sub-Saharan Africa are living with economic water scarcity. [10]: 11 There is enough freshwater available globally and averaged over the year to meet demand. As such, water scarcity is caused by a mismatch between when and where people need water, and when and where it is available. [11]
A further 1.6 billion people live in areas of economic water scarcity, where there is insufficient human capacity or financial resources for people to effectively make use of the water that is available. Here, sub-Saharan Africa is a good example; there is water in the rivers but no dams or pumps to enable people to use it. [3]
The safety margin is to be sure that the guests will enjoy being in Antarctica, and that we won’t turn around because we have a problem… like injured people.”
The majority of the water in the areas is contaminated, and if precautions aren't taken it exposes people to health hazards. Sources of water for domestic purposes and cooking for rural people then tend to be mainly from wells , boreholes and rivers . [ 2 ]