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Prostatectomy (from the Greek προστάτης prostátēs, "prostate" and ἐκτομή ektomē, "excision") is the surgical removal of all or part of the prostate gland. This operation is done for benign conditions that cause urinary retention, as well as for prostate cancer and for other cancers of the pelvis .
Laparoscopic radical prostatectomy and open radical prostatectomy differ in how they access the deep pelvis and generate operative views. In contrast to open radical prostatectomy, the laparoscopic radical prostatectomy makes no use of retractors and does not require that the abdominal wall be parted and stretched for the duration of the operation.
Radical retropubic prostatectomy was developed in 1945 by Terence Millin at the All Saints Hospital in London. The procedure was brought to the United States by one of Millin's students, Samuel Kenneth Bacon, M.D., adjunct professor of surgery, University of Southern California, and was refined in 1982 by Patrick C. Walsh [1] at the James Buchanan Brady Urological Institute, Johns Hopkins ...
Radical perineal prostatectomy is a surgical procedure wherein the entire prostate gland is removed through an incision in the area between the anus and the scrotum . [ 1 ] [ 2 ] It is used to remove early prostate cancer , in select people who have a small well defined cancer in the prostate.
Diagram showing the position of the prostate and rectum. Date: 30 July 2014 (released by CRUK) Source: Original email from CRUK: Author: Cancer Research UK: Permission (Reusing this file) This image has been released as part of an open knowledge project by Cancer Research UK. If re-used, attribute to Cancer Research UK / Wikimedia Commons
In prostate cancer, removal of testicular T through castration (surgical or chemical removal or inactivation of testicles) helps eliminate the growth-promoting effects of androgens. [82] However, in some cases, metastatic tumors can develop into castration-resistant prostate cancer (CRPC). [ 83 ]
Prostate cancer is a major topic of ongoing research. From 2016–2020, over $1.26 billion was invested in prostate cancer research, representing around 5% of global cancer research funds. [122] This places prostate cancer 10th among 18 common cancer types in funding per cancer death, and 9th in funding per disability-adjusted life year lost. [123]