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The best-selling drug in the U.S., Acetaminophen, also known as Paracetamol, is a phenol. There are various classification schemes. [15]: 2 A commonly used scheme is based on the number of carbons and was devised by Jeffrey Harborne and Simmonds in 1964 and published in 1980: [15]: 2 [16]
It also has hemostatic and antiseptic qualities that make it ideal for this use. Phenol spray, usually at 1.4% phenol as an active ingredient, is used medically to treat sore throat. [38] It is the active ingredient in some oral analgesics such as Chloraseptic spray, TCP and Carmex. [39]
[1] [5] [6] [7]: 104 Some phenols are germicidal and are used in formulating disinfectants. Phenol – the simplest of the phenols Chemical structure of salicylic acid, the active metabolite of aspirin Chemical structure of aloe emodin, a diphenol Quercetin, a typical flavonoid, is a polyphenol Tannic acid, a typical polyphenol of indeterminate ...
First-pass metabolism may occur in the liver (for propranolol, lidocaine, clomethiazole, and nitroglycerin) or in the gut (for benzylpenicillin and insulin). [4] The four primary systems that affect the first pass effect of a drug are the enzymes of the gastrointestinal lumen, [5] gastrointestinal wall enzymes, [6] [7] [8] bacterial enzymes [5] and hepatic enzymes.
Phenol in the Berthelot reagent can be replaced by a variety of phenolic reagents, the most common being sodium salicylate, which is significantly less toxic. [1] This has been used for blood urea nitrogen (BUN) determinations and commonly is used to determine water and soil total and ammonia-N. Replacement of phenol by 2-phenylphenol reduces interferences by a variety of soil and water ...
The Phenol coefficient, is now largely of historical interest, although the principles upon which it is based are still used. [1] It is a measure of the bactericidal activity of a chemical compound in relation to phenol .
[6] [7] Due to the two step nature, the Raschig–Hooker process can be used to produce either chlorobenzene or phenol. Reaction scheme of the Raschig-Hooker process. The Raschig–Hooker process's ability to make phenol makes it comparable to other methods, such as the Dow and Bayer process, which also converts benzene into phenol. In fact ...
Gossypol (/ ˈ ɡ ɒ s ə p ɒ l /) is a natural phenol derived from the cotton plant (genus Gossypium). Gossypol is a phenolic aldehyde that permeates cells and acts as an inhibitor for several dehydrogenase enzymes. It is a yellow pigment. The structure exhibits atropisomerism, with the two enantiomers having different biochemical properties. [1]