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  2. AST/ALT ratio - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/AST/ALT_ratio

    The proportion of AST to ALT in hepatocytes is about 2.5:1, but because AST is removed from serum by the liver sinusoidal cells twice as quickly (serum half-life t 1/2 = 18 hr) compared to ALT (t 1/2 = 36 hr), so the resulting serum levels of AST and ALT are about equal in healthy individuals, resulting in a normal AST/ALT ratio around 1.

  3. Liver function tests - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Liver_function_tests

    The AST/ALT ratio increases in liver functional impairment. In alcoholic liver disease, the mean ratio is 1.45, and mean ratio is 1.33 in post necrotic liver cirrhosis. Ratio is greater than 1.17 in viral cirrhosis, greater than 2.0 in alcoholic hepatitis, and 0.9 in non-alcoholic hepatitis.

  4. Elevated transaminases - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Elevated_transaminases

    Chronic hepatitis C virus infection: Wide variability, typically normal to less than twice the URL, rarely more than 10 times the URL Chronic hepatitis B virus infection : Levels fluctuate; the AST and ALT may be normal, though most patients have mild to moderate elevations (approximately twice the URL); with exacerbations , levels are more ...

  5. Alanine transaminase - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alanine_transaminase

    Alanine transaminase (ALT), also known as alanine aminotransferase (ALT or ALAT), formerly serum glutamate-pyruvate transaminase (GPT) or serum glutamic-pyruvic transaminase (SGPT), is a transaminase enzyme (EC 2.6.1.2) that was first characterized in the mid-1950s by Arthur Karmen and colleagues. [1] ALT is found in plasma and in various body ...

  6. Cirrhosis - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cirrhosis

    AST and ALT blood levels are both elevated, but at less than 300 IU/liter, with an AST:ALT ratio > 2.0, a value rarely seen in other liver diseases. [52] In the United States, 40% of cirrhosis-related deaths are due to alcohol. [33] In non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), fat builds up in the liver and eventually causes scar tissue. [53]

  7. Cardiac marker - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cardiac_marker

    LDH-1 isozyme is normally found in the heart muscle and LDH-2 is found predominantly in blood serum. A high LDH-1 level to LDH-2 suggest MI. LDH levels are also high in tissue breakdown or hemolysis. It can mean cancer, meningitis, encephalitis, or HIV. This is usually back to normal 10–14 days. Aspartate transaminase (AST) This was the first ...

  8. Hy's law - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hy's_law

    Often with aminotransferases much greater (5-10x) than the upper limit of normal. Among subjects showing such aminotransferase elevations, they also have elevation of their serum total bilirubin of greater than 2× the upper limit of normal, without findings of cholestasis (defined as serum alkaline phosphatase activity less than 2× the upper ...

  9. Reference range - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reference_range

    The standard definition of a reference range for a particular measurement is defined as the interval between which 95% of values of a reference population fall into, in such a way that 2.5% of the time a value will be less than the lower limit of this interval, and 2.5% of the time it will be larger than the upper limit of this interval, whatever the distribution of these values.