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A coronary CT calcium scan is a computed tomography (CT) scan of the heart for the assessment of severity of coronary artery disease.Specifically, it looks for calcium deposits in atherosclerotic plaques in the coronary arteries that can narrow arteries and increase the risk of heart attack. [1]
Calcium deposits are found in the muscular middle layer of the walls of arteries (the tunica media) [1] with no obstruction of the lumen. [ 2 ] It is an example of dystrophic calcification . This condition occurs as an age-related degenerative process.
By providing a “calcium score” based on the level of calcium buildup in your coronary arteries, a CAC test is used to help determine your risk of heart disease, heart attack, and/or stroke.
[5] The method also uses the coronary artery calcium score (CAC), [5] a measurement of the amount of calcium in the walls of the arteries that supply the heart muscle, using a coronary CT calcium scan of the heart. [6] [7] CAC has been shown to be an independent marker of risk for cardiac events, cardiac mortality, and all-cause mortality. [8]
Calcification of soft tissue (arteries, cartilage, heart valves, [1] [2] etc.) can be caused by vitamin K 2 deficiency or by poor calcium absorption due to a high calcium/vitamin D ratio. This can occur with or without a mineral imbalance. A common misconception is that calcification is caused by excess amount of calcium in diet. Dietary ...
Specifically, it looks for calcium deposits in the coronary arteries that can narrow arteries and increase the risk of a heart attack. [60] A typical coronary CT calcium scan is done without the use of radiocontrast, but it can possibly be done from contrast-enhanced images as well. [61]
Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is any disease involving the heart or blood vessels. [3] CVDs constitute a class of diseases that includes: coronary artery diseases (e.g. angina, heart attack), heart failure, hypertensive heart disease, rheumatic heart disease, cardiomyopathy, arrhythmia, congenital heart disease, valvular heart disease, carditis, aortic aneurysms, peripheral artery disease ...
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