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The Phoenix–Mesa combined statistical area (CSA) was designated in September 2018 by U.S. Office of Management and Budget (OMB) and by the Census Bureau which consists of the entirety of the counties of Maricopa, Pinal, and Gila. [8] This includes the Phoenix metropolitan area and the Payson, AZ micropolitan statistical area.
Map of Hohokam lands c. 1350. The Hohokam people occupied the Phoenix area for 2,000 years. [24] [25] They created roughly 135 miles (217 kilometers) of irrigation canals, making the desert land arable, and paths of these canals were used for the Arizona Canal, Central Arizona Project Canal, and the Hayden-Rhodes Aqueduct.
Of this area, just 0.3% consists of water, which makes Arizona the state with the second lowest percentage of water area (New Mexico is the lowest at 0.2%). [1] Arizona spans about 335 miles (539 km) at its widest and 390 miles (628 km) at its longest, and has an average elevation of about 4,000 feet (1,200 m). [ 2 ]
Figure 1. This BLM map depicts the principal meridians and baselines used for surveying states (colored) in the PLSS. The following are the principal and guide meridians and base lines of the United States, with the year established and a brief summary of what areas' land surveys are based on each.
English: Maricopa and Pinal Counites (U.S. Census Bureau's official definition of the Phoenix-Mesa-Glendale Metropolitan Area) highlighted in a map of Arizona. Date 15 June 2015
The largest metropolitan areas are the Phoenix metropolitan area – Valley of the Sun, and the Tucson metropolitan area – The Old Pueblo. The regions' populace is nestled in the valley of a desert environment. [2] Similar to Southern California, the urban area extends into Mexico, reaching the communities of Heroica Nogales and Agua Prieta. [2]
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There was significant local opposition in the 1960s and 1970s to expansion of the freeway system. [4] Because of this, by the time public opinion began to favor freeway expansion in the 1980s and 1990s, Phoenix freeways had to be funded primarily by local sales tax dollars rather than diminishing sources of federal money; newer freeways were, and continue to be, given state route designations ...