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Full parliamentary republic Was a full parliamentary republic from 1975–1980; adopted an executive presidency in 1987 after the military coup period from 1980–1987, when the president was given executive powers and the prime minister title became vice-president. Assembly-independent systems; Country Head of state Head of state elected by
In a parliamentary republic, the head of government is selected or nominated by the legislature and is also accountable to it. The head of state is usually called a president and (in full parliamentary republics) is separate from the head of government, serving a largely apolitical, ceremonial role. In these systems, the head of government is ...
Parliamentary republic: Republics, like India or Singapore, with an elected head of state, but where the head of state and head of government are kept separate with the head of government retaining most executive powers, or a head of state akin to a head of government, elected by a parliament. Presidential republic
The first parliaments date back to Europe in the Middle Ages. The earliest example of a parliament is disputed, especially depending how the term is defined. For example, the Icelandic Althing consisting of prominent individuals among the free landowners of the various districts of the Icelandic Commonwealth first gathered around the year 930 (it conducted its business orally, with no written ...
Pakistan is a democratic federal parliamentary republic. [7] Powers are shared between the federal government and the provinces. Relations between federation and provinces is defined in Part V (Articles 141–159) of the constitution. [8] Pakistan consists of four provinces and three territories, including the Islamabad Capital Territory. [6]
A unitary parliamentary republic is a type of unitary state with a republican form of government in which political authority is entrusted to the parliament by multiple constituencies throughout a country. In this system, voters elect members of parliament, who then make legislative decisions on behalf of their constituents.
Example 4 (parliamentary republic): Title II, Article 87 of the Constitution of Italy states: The President of the Republic is the Head of the State and represents national unity. [32] Example 5 (parliamentary republic): Article 67 of the Iraqi constitution of 2005 states:
The United Kingdom is an example of a unitary state. Scotland , Wales and Northern Ireland have a degree of autonomous devolved power, but such power is delegated by the Parliament of the United Kingdom , which may enact laws unilaterally altering or abolishing devolution.