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The professional practice of behavior analysis is a hybrid discipline with specific influences coming from counseling, psychology, education, special education, communication disorders, physical therapy and criminal justice. As a discipline it has its own conferences, organizations, certification processes, and awards.
The term future-oriented therapy was first used in an article by psychologist Walter O'Connell in 1964, [1] and then the term was used as the title of an article by psychiatrist Stanley Lesse in 1971. [2]
Early intervention programs for children living in low socioeconomic situations, such as the Head Start Program, began showing up around the country. [6] Education was soon at the forefront of many political agendas. As of the early 1970s, U.S. public schools accommodated 1 out of 5 children with disabilities. [7]
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The history of school counseling in the United States of America varies greatly based on how local communities have chosen to provide academic, career, college readiness, and personal/social skills and competencies to K-12 children and their families based on economic and social capital resources and public versus private educational settings in what is now called a school counseling program.
Re-evaluation counseling (RC) is a business, and a network of peer counseling. Its core philosophy prescribes regularly relating painful memories to a peer counsel or group and releasing strong feelings by crying, shaking, or laughing as the best salve for psychological wounds. [ 1 ]
According to a 2020 study in the Journal of Political Economy by Clemson University economist Jorge Luis García, Nobel laureate James J. Heckman and University of Southern California economists Duncan Ermini Leaf and María José Prados, every dollar spent on a high-quality early-childhood programs led to a return of $7.3 over the long-term. [12]