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Kamma is a largely Hindu caste from South India. The community of Kammas is believed to have originated from agriculturists of the Kammanadu region of the erstwhile Guntur district and Ongole division in Andhra Pradesh .
While Kivisild et al. [43] proposes an ancient and shared genetic heritage of male lineages in South Asia, Bamshad et al. (2001) suggests an affinity between South Asian male lineages and modern west Eurasians proportionate to upper-caste rank and places upper-caste populations of southern Indian states closer to East Europeans.
The R1a-Z93 paternal genetic in Romani people was also discovered. [10] Indian-Brahmin origin of paternal haplogroup R1a1*. [11] The Haplogroup R2 is mainly restricted to various populations of South Asia, in addition to some populations of South Central Asia, Middle East, Asia Minor and the Caucasus where it is observed in low frequencies. [12]
Haplogroup R2a is also known as haplogroup R-M124. [2] The first reference to the newly defined haplogroup, "R-M124", was on 25 August 2010. [4]Before the publication of the 2005 Y-Chromosome Phylogenetic Tree, Haplogroup R-M124 was known as Haplogroup P1 and formerly thought to be a sister clade of Haplogroup R rather than derived from it.
Scheduled Castes (SCs) are officially designated groups of people and among the most disadvantaged socio-economic groups. [7] [8] Scheduled Castes are given reservation status guaranteeing political representation, preference in promotion, quota in universities, free and stipended education, scholarships, banking services, various government schemes.
The Kamma and Reddy castes have been politically dominant prior to the formation of Andhra Pradesh in 1956 and afterwards. [57] Reddys are classified as a Forward Caste in modern India's positive discrimination system. [58] They are a politically dominant community in Andhra Pradesh, their rise having dated from the formation of the state in ...
Kamma" in this context means a stream or river. [5] According to another theory, Kammanadu was the region between Gundlakamma and Pērakamma (the "big river", perhaps the Krishna river). [ 6 ] However, the Tenali and Repalle taluks of the Guntur district, closer to the Krishna river, are referred to as Velanadu .
'Kadiyala' is the surname of those belonging to the Kamma caste. People belonging to the Kadiyala group are mostly from East Godavari district, West Godavari district, Chittoor district, the areas of Mustabad, Katuru, and Gudivada in the Krishna district and Guntur district of Andhra Pradesh.