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Dynamics (mechanics) Classical mechanics; Isolated physical system. Lagrangian mechanics; Hamiltonian mechanics; Routhian mechanics; Hamilton-Jacobi theory; Appell's equation of motion; Udwadia–Kalaba equation; Celestial mechanics; Orbit; Lagrange point. Kolmogorov-Arnold-Moser theorem; N-body problem, many-body problem; Ballistics
Static problem For a set of N numbers find the maximal one. The problem may be solved in O(N) time. Dynamic problem For an initial set of N numbers, dynamically maintain the maximal one when insertion and deletions are allowed. A well-known solution for this problem is using a self-balancing binary search tree. It takes space O(N), may be ...
Dynamical systems theory and chaos theory deal with the long-term qualitative behavior of dynamical systems.Here, the focus is not on finding precise solutions to the equations defining the dynamical system (which is often hopeless), but rather to answer questions like "Will the system settle down to a steady state in the long term, and if so, what are the possible steady states?", or "Does ...
The Riemann problem is very useful for the understanding of equations like Euler conservation equations because all properties, such as shocks and rarefaction waves, appear as characteristics in the solution. It also gives an exact solution to some complex nonlinear equations, such as the Euler equations.
Linear dynamical systems are dynamical systems whose evolution functions are linear.While dynamical systems, in general, do not have closed-form solutions, linear dynamical systems can be solved exactly, and they have a rich set of mathematical properties.
The question is whether or not, for all problems for which an algorithm can verify a given solution quickly (that is, in polynomial time), an algorithm can also find that solution quickly. Since the former describes the class of problems termed NP, while the latter describes P, the question is equivalent to asking whether all problems in NP are ...
The problem for graphs is NP-complete if the edge lengths are assumed integers. The problem for points on the plane is NP-complete with the discretized Euclidean metric and rectilinear metric. The problem is known to be NP-hard with the (non-discretized) Euclidean metric. [3]: ND22, ND23
Torque-free precessions are non-trivial solution for the situation where the torque on the right hand side is zero. When I is not constant in the external reference frame (i.e. the body is moving and its inertia tensor is not constantly diagonal) then I cannot be pulled through the derivative operator acting on L.