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Supraventricular tachycardia (SVT) is an umbrella term for fast heart rhythms arising from the upper part of the heart. [2] This is in contrast to the other group of fast heart rhythms – ventricular tachycardia , which start within the lower chambers of the heart . [ 2 ]
It is a type of supraventricular tachycardia (SVT), meaning that it originates from a location within the heart above the bundle of His. AV nodal reentrant tachycardia is the most common regular supraventricular tachycardia. It is more common in women than men (approximately 75% of cases occur in females). The main symptom is palpitations.
In-between episodes there is normal electrical conduction in the heart. During an episode of AVRT caused by PJRT, the accessory pathway conducts electrical activity from the ventricles directly back to the atria at the end of systole, which triggers the atria to contract, and the current to pass back to the ventricles again via the atrioventricular node (AV node); see diagram.
An automatic tachycardia is a cardiac arrhythmia which involves an area of the heart generating an abnormally fast rhythm, sometimes also called enhanced automaticity.These tachycardias, or fast heart rhythms, differ from reentrant tachycardias (AVRT and AVNRT) in which there is an abnormal electrical pathway which gives rise to the pathology.
Arrhythmia may be classified by rate (tachycardia, bradycardia), mechanism (automaticity, re-entry, triggered) or duration (isolated premature beats; couplets; runs, that is 3 or more beats; non-sustained = less than 30 seconds or sustained = over 30 seconds). [citation needed] Arrhythmias are also classified by site of origin: [citation needed]
Paroxysmal supraventricular tachycardia (PSVT) is a type of supraventricular tachycardia, named for its intermittent episodes of abrupt onset and termination. [3] [6] Often people have no symptoms. [1] Otherwise symptoms may include palpitations, feeling lightheaded, sweating, shortness of breath, and chest pain. [2] The cause is not known. [3]
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The Valsalva maneuver may be used to arrest episodes of supraventricular tachycardia. [12] [13] Blood pressure (BP) rises at onset of straining-because the increased intrathoracic pressure (ITP) is added to the pressure in the aorta. It then falls because the ITP compresses the veins, decreasing the venous return and cardiac output.