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Digenes Akritas (Latinised as Acritas; Greek: Διγενῆς Ἀκρίτας) [a] is a medieval Greek romantic epic that emerged in the 12th-century Byzantine Empire.It is the lengthiest and most famous of the acritic songs, Byzantine folk poems celebrating the lives and exploits of the Akritai, the inhabitants and frontier guards of the empire's eastern Anatolian provinces.
Byzantine literature is the Greek literature of the Middle Ages, whether written in the Byzantine Empire or outside its borders. [1] It was marked by a linguistic diglossy ; two distinct forms of Byzantine Greek were used, a scholarly dialect based on Attic Greek , and a vernacular based on Koine Greek .
Codex Alexandrinus, the oldest Greek witness of the Byzantine text in the Gospels, close to the Family Π (Luke 12:54-13:4). The earliest clear notable patristic witnesses to the Byzantine text come from early eastern church fathers such as Gregory of Nyssa (335 – c. 395), John Chrysostom (347 – 407), Basil the Great (330 – 379) and Cyril of Jerusalem (313 – 386).
With increasing Western presence in the East due to the Crusades, and the gradual collapse of the Byzantine Empire during the Late Middle Ages, many Byzantine Greek scholars fled to Western Europe, bringing with them many original Greek manuscripts, and providing impetus for Greek-language education in the West and further translation efforts ...
Some older scholarship had speculated that Bibliotheca might have been composed in Baghdad at the time of Photius' embassy to the Abbasid court, since many of the mentioned works are rarely cited during the period before Photius, i.e. the so-called Byzantine "Dark Ages" (c. 630–800), [3] and since it was known that the Abbasids were interested in translating Greek science and philosophy. [4]
Modern Greek began to gain more popularity during this time. Around the mid-12th century, Alexios, son of Emperor John II, composed a didactic poem in the demotic language titled The Young Man. A few years later, Michael Glykas, an imperial secretary, wrote Verses for the emperor in the straightforward and colorful language of the Byzantine ...
First page of an early printed edition of the Suda. The Suda or Souda (/ ˈ s uː d ə /; Medieval Greek: Σοῦδα, romanized: Soûda; Latin: Suidae Lexicon) [1] is a large 10th-century Byzantine encyclopedia of the ancient Mediterranean world, formerly attributed to an author called Soudas (Σούδας) or Souidas (Σουίδας).
The Madrid Skylitzes is a twelfth century illuminated manuscript version of the Synopsis of Histories (Greek: Σύνοψις Ἱστοριῶν, Byzantine Greek: [ˈsy̜.nop.sis is.to.riˈon]), by John Skylitzes, which covers the reigns of the Byzantine emperors from the death of Nicephorus I in 811 to the deposition of Michael VI in 1057. [1]