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Polygyridae is a family of air-breathing land snails, terrestrial pulmonate gastropod mollusks in the superfamily Helicoidea. [2]The Polygyridae make up a significant proportion of the land snail fauna of eastern North America, and are also found in western North America, northern Central America, and are present on some Caribbean islands.
Rare in the fossil record are the homobasidiomycetes (a taxon roughly equivalent to the mushroom-producing species of the agaricomycetes). Two amber-preserved specimens provide evidence that the earliest known mushroom-forming fungi (the extinct species Archaeomarasmius legletti) appeared during the mid-Cretaceous, 90 Ma. [31] [32]
Stagnicola is an agaric fungal genus that contains the single species Stagnicola perplexa.This fungus colonizes plant debris in wet coniferous forest floor depressions and shallow pools, and fruits after the pools drain or dry in late summer to early fall in North America (Canada, USA) and Europe.
Clavilithes is an extinct genus of fossil sea snails, marine gastropod mollusks in the family Fasciolariidae, the tulip snails and spindle snails. This genus lived from the Paleocene to Pliocene, in Africa, Asia, Europe, North America, and South America. [2]
Alternate names for Neohelix albolabris are Helix albolabris and Triodopsis albolabris. It is the first land snail to be named by an American-born naturalist, Thomas Say in 1817. Neohelix albolabris is one of the largest native land snails in North America. Its range extends from Maine to Georgia and west to the Mississippi River.
Madder, cochineal, Mauveine; these words may be unfamiliar but they’re the names of dyes made from a plant, an insect and a chemical that have shaped our world.
Cichlids of South America and the "sunfish" of North America are strikingly similar in morphology, ecology and behavior. [118] The peacock bass and largemouth bass are excellent examples. The two fishes are not related, yet are very similar. Peacock bass are native of South America and is a Cichla.
The phylogeny (evolutionary "family tree") of molluscs is a controversial subject. In addition to the debates about whether Kimberella and any of the " halwaxiids " were molluscs or closely related to molluscs, [ 5 ] [ 6 ] [ 8 ] [ 9 ] debates arise about the relationships between the classes of living molluscs. [ 7 ]