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Urdu was the dominant native language among Christians of Karachi and Lahore in present-day Pakistan and Madhya Pradesh, Uttar Pradesh Rajasthan in India, during the early part of the 19th and 20th century, and is still used by Christians in these places. Pakistani and Indian Christians often used the Roman script for writing Urdu.
Naskh differentiates various sounds through the use of diacritical points, in the form of 1–3 dots above or below the letter, which makes the script more easily legible. [5] Naskh uses a horizontal base line; in situations where one character starts within the tail of the preceding letter, the base line is broken and raised. [ 8 ]
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for ezafe, use 0654 over the language-appropriate base letter actually a ligature, not an independent letter Arabic letter hamzah on ha (1.0) ≡ ۀ U+06D5 U+0654 U+06C1 ہ Arabic Letter Heh Goal Urdu U+06C2 ۂ Arabic Letter Heh Goal With Hamza Above Urdu actually a ligature, not an independent letter ≡ ۂ U+06C1 U+0654 U+06C3
Baṛī ye (Urdu: بَڑی يے, Urdu pronunciation: [ˈbəɽiː ˈjeː]; lit. ' greater ye ') is a letter in the Urdu alphabet (and other Indo-Iranian language alphabets based on it) directly based on the alternative "returned" variant of the final form of the Arabic letter ye/yāʾ (known as yāʾ mardūda) found in the Hijazi, Kufic, Thuluth, Naskh, and Nastaliq scripts. [1]
[1] [2] It is generally written in the Nastaʿlīq calligraphic hand, [3] [4] which is also used for Persian and Urdu. [5] Shahmukhi is one of the two standard scripts used for Punjabi, the other being Gurmukhi used mainly in Punjab, India. [3] [6] [4] Shahmukhi is written from right to left and has 36 primary letters with some other additional ...
CRULP (Center for research for Urdu language processing) has been working on phonetic keyboard designs for URDU and other local languages of Pakistan. Their Urdu Phonetic Keyboard Layout v1.1 for Windows is widely used and considered as a standard for typing Urdu on Microsoft platform.
The letter ہ (encoded at U+06C1) replaces the regular he ه (encoded at U+0647) in Urdu (as well as the Punjabi Shahmukhi alphabet) for the voiced glottal fricative [] but is usually pronounced [] in the word-final position (exception include certain two-letter words such as وہ /ʋoː/ or کہ /keː/) while the do-cas͟hmī he ھ is used in digraphs for aspiration and breathy ...