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In neuroscience, synaptic plasticity is the ability of synapses to strengthen or weaken over time, in response to increases or decreases in their activity. [1] Since memories are postulated to be represented by vastly interconnected neural circuits in the brain , synaptic plasticity is one of the important neurochemical foundations of learning ...
Neuroplasticity, also known as neural plasticity or just plasticity, is the ability of neural networks in the brain to change through growth and reorganization. Neuroplasticity refers to the brain's ability to reorganize and rewire its neural connections, enabling it to adapt and function in ways that differ from its prior state.
Activity-dependent plasticity is a form of functional and structural neuroplasticity that arises from the use of cognitive functions and personal experience. [ 1 ] Hence, it is the biological basis for learning and the formation of new memories .
Neuroplasticity is the process by which neurons adapt to a disturbance over time, and most often occurs in response to repeated exposure to stimuli. [27] Aerobic exercise increases the production of neurotrophic factors [note 1] (e.g., BDNF, IGF-1, VEGF) which mediate improvements in cognitive functions and various forms of memory by promoting blood vessel formation in the brain, adult ...
Tim H. Murphy describes it as, "Stroke recovery mechanisms are based on structural and functional changes in brain circuits that have a close functional relationship to those circuits affected by stroke." [12] Neuroplasticity after a stroke is enabled by new structural and functional circuits that are formed through cortical remapping. A stroke ...
New computational models have emerged that refine or extend Hebbian learning. For example, some models now account for the precise timing of neural spikes (as in Spike-Timing-Dependent Plasticity), while others have integrated aspects of neuromodulation to account for how neurotransmitters like dopamine affect the strength of synaptic connections.
In neuroscience, homeostatic plasticity refers to the capacity of neurons to regulate their own excitability relative to network activity. The term homeostatic plasticity derives from two opposing concepts: 'homeostatic' (a product of the Greek words for 'same' and 'state' or 'condition') and plasticity (or 'change'), thus homeostatic plasticity means "staying the same through change".
In neuroscience, functional specialization is a theory which suggests that different areas in the brain are specialized for different functions. [ 1 ] [ 2 ] It is opposed to the anti-localizationist theories of and brain holism and equipotentialism .