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Normally these are applied in the order listed above — i.e. for a two legged match, extra time is played if the away goals rule does not determine a victor. After extra time, if the score is still level, a penalty shoot-out takes place. In a few cup competitions extra time is ignored completely and the game goes directly to penalties.
An economical mate is a position such that all of the attacker's pieces [a] contribute to the checkmate, with the (optional) exception of the king and the pawns. [3] [b] The model mate and the ideal mate are both stronger forms of pure mate. When a checkmate is both "pure and economical", it is said to be a model mate.
Rules generally determine the time-keeping system, the rights and responsibilities of the players, scoring techniques, preset boundaries, and each player's goals. The rules of a game may be distinguished from its aims. [17] [18] For most competitive games, the ultimate aim is winning: in this sense, checkmate is the aim of chess. [19]
Black can be mated in an analogous way, although this requires an additional move, with White's queen delivering checkmate on the third move. Even among rank beginners, this checkmate rarely occurs in practice. The mate is an illustration of the kingside weakness shared by both players along the f- and g-files during the opening phase of the game.
The chess endgame with a king and a pawn versus a king is one of the most important and fundamental endgames, other than the basic checkmates. [1] It is an important endgame for chess players to master, since most other endgames have the potential of reducing to this type of endgame via exchanges of pieces.
It works by confining the king with a pawn and using a queen to execute the checkmate. Damiano's mate is often arrived at by first sacrificing a rook on the h-file, then checking the king with the queen on the a-file or h-file, and then moving in for the mate. The checkmate was first published by Pedro Damiano in 1512. [11]
1993 - Introduction of the golden goal: if either team scored a goal during extra time in a competitive match, the game ends immediately and the scoring team becomes the winner. This rule remained in place until being removed from most competitions in 2004. 1997 – The rules are completely rewritten, for the first time since 1938. [20]
With the stronger side to move, checkmate can be forced in at most thirty-three moves from almost any starting position. [1] [2] Although it is classified as one of the four basic checkmates, [3] [a] the bishop and knight checkmate occurs in practice only approximately once in every 6,000 games. [4]