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Phosphorus pentasulfide is obtained by the reaction of liquid white phosphorus (P 4) with sulfur above 300 °C. The first synthesis of P 4 S 10 by Berzelius in 1843 [ 5 ] was by this method. Alternatively, P 4 S 10 can be formed by reacting elemental sulfur or pyrite , FeS 2 , with ferrophosphorus , a crude form of Fe 2 P (a byproduct of white ...
Water is the medium of the oceans, the medium which carries all the substances and elements involved in the marine biogeochemical cycles. Water as found in nature almost always includes dissolved substances, so water has been described as the "universal solvent" for its ability to dissolve so many substances.
A biogeochemical cycle, or more generally a cycle of matter, [1] is the movement and transformation of chemical elements and compounds between living organisms, the atmosphere, and the Earth's crust. Major biogeochemical cycles include the carbon cycle, the nitrogen cycle and the water cycle. In each cycle, the chemical element or molecule is ...
Energy flow is a unidirectional and noncyclic pathway, whereas the movement of mineral nutrients is cyclic. Mineral cycles include the carbon cycle, sulfur cycle, nitrogen cycle, water cycle, phosphorus cycle, oxygen cycle, among others that continually recycle along with other mineral nutrients into productive ecological nutrition.
Recent studies indicate a hydrological cycle of water-ammonia vastly different to the type operating on terrestrial planets like Earth [18] and also a cycle of hydrogen sulfide. [19] Significant chemical cycles exist on Jupiter's moons. Recent evidence points to Europa possessing several active cycles, most notably a water cycle. [20]
This constant cycle of carbon through the system is not the only element being transferred. In animal and plant respiration these living beings take in glucose and oxygen while emitting energy, carbon dioxide, and water as waste. These constant cycles provide for a influx of oxygen into the system and carbon out of the system.
The documentary series couples high-definition cinematography with calm and methodical narration, uncovering how some of our planet's most beautiful sights and events are created by the underlying forces of nature. It follows on from Brian's 2014 series for the BBC, Human Universe. An accompanying book with the same name, by Cox and Andrew ...
Water-reactive substances [1] are those that spontaneously undergo a chemical reaction with water, often noted as generating flammable gas. [2] Some are highly reducing in nature. [ 3 ] Notable examples include alkali metals , lithium through caesium , and alkaline earth metals , magnesium through barium .