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Muscles of the posterior abdominal wall. The posterior abdominal wall is formed by the lumbar vertebrae, parts of the ilia of the hip bones, psoas major and iliacus muscles, and quadratus lumborum muscle. This part of the core plays a key role in stabilizing the rest of the body and maintaining posture.
The abdominal wall is made up of several layers of muscles, which are collectively known as the abdominal muscles. These muscles support the spine, protect the internal organs, and help with movement. The five main abdominal muscles are: Rectus abdominis muscle; External obliques muscle; Internal obliques muscle; Pyramidalis muscle
The external oblique functions to pull the chest downwards and compress the abdominal cavity, which increases the intra-abdominal pressure as in a Valsalva maneuver.It also performs ipsilateral (same side) side-bending and contralateral (opposite side) rotation: the right external oblique would side-bend to the right and rotate to the left, and vice versa.
The muscle extends from the pubic symphysis, pubic crest and pubic tubercle inferiorly, to the xiphoid process and costal cartilages of the 5th–7th ribs superiorly. [1] [2] The rectus abdominis muscle is contained in the rectus sheath, which consists of the aponeuroses of the lateral abdominal muscles.
The linea alba is formed by the union of aponeuroses (of the muscles of the anterior abdominal wall [2]) that collectively make up the rectus sheath. The linea alba attaches to the xiphoid process superiorly, and to the pubic symphysis inferiorly. It is narrow inferiorly where the two recti abdominis muscles are in contact with each other ...
flexes trunk to same side, rotates trunk to opposite side, expiration, compresses abdominal organs: 2 1 internal abdominal oblique: Torso, Abdomen, right/left anterior two-thirds of iliac crest, iliopectineal arch, thoracolumbar fascia: inferior borders of ribs 10–12, pubic crest
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The muscle fibers run from these points superomedially (up and towards midline) to the muscle's insertions on the inferior borders of the 10th through 12th ribs and the linea alba. In males, the cremaster muscle is also attached to the internal oblique.