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In chemistry, trigonal planar is a molecular geometry model with one atom at the center and three atoms at the corners of an equilateral triangle, called peripheral atoms, all in one plane. [1] In an ideal trigonal planar species, all three ligands are identical and all bond angles are 120°.
Trigonal planar: Molecules with the trigonal planar shape are somewhat triangular and in one plane (flat). Consequently, the bond angles are set at 120°. For example, boron trifluoride. Angular: Angular molecules (also called bent or V-shaped) have a non-linear shape. For example, water (H 2 O), which has an angle of about 105°. A water ...
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This diagram is for octahedral interstices (coordination number six): 4 anions in the plane shown, 1 above the plane and 1 below. The stability limit is at r C /r A = 0.414. The radius ratio rule defines a critical radius ratio for different crystal structures, based on their coordination geometry. [1]
Ordinarily, three-coordinated compounds adopt trigonal planar or pyramidal geometries. Examples of T-shaped molecules are the halogen trifluorides, such as ClF 3. [1] According to VSEPR theory, T-shaped geometry results when three ligands and two lone pairs of electrons are bonded to the central atom, written in AXE notation as AX 3 E 2.
Other common coordination geometries are tetrahedral and square planar. Crystal field theory may be used to explain the relative stabilities of transition metal compounds of different coordination geometry, as well as the presence or absence of paramagnetism , whereas VSEPR may be used for complexes of main group element to predict geometry.
In contrast, the extra stability of the 7p 1/2 electrons in tennessine are predicted to make TsF 3 trigonal planar, unlike the T-shaped geometry observed for IF 3 and predicted for AtF 3; [39] similarly, OgF 4 should have a tetrahedral geometry, while XeF 4 has a square planar geometry and RnF 4 is predicted to have the same. [40]
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