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M-class flares are a tenth the size of X-class flares with the same numeric suffix. [23] An X2 is four times more powerful than an M5 flare. [24] X-class flares with a peak flux that exceeds 10 −3 W/m 2 may be noted with a numerical suffix equal to or greater than 10. This system was originally devised in 1970 and included only the letters C ...
It contains a sunspot group of class C or larger based on the Modified Zurich Class sunspot classification system. It contains a sunspot group of class A or B confirmed by at least two observers, preferably with observations more than one hour apart. It has produced a solar flare with an X-ray burst. [clarification needed]
May 2024 solar storms: X1.2(X1.3)-class flares [93] and X4.5-class flare. [94] The flares with a magnitude of 6–7 occurred between 30 April and 4 May 2024. On 5 May the strength of the solar storm reached 5 points, which is considered strong according to the K-index. The rapidly growing sunspot AR3663 became the most active spot of the 25th ...
Each class of solar flare is also graded on number scale, from 1 to 9, to determine its exact impact. There's an exception with X-class flares, however, which can go higher than 9.
CMEs are often associated with solar flares and other forms of solar activity, but a broadly accepted theoretical understanding of these relationships has not been established. If a CME enters interplanetary space , it is referred to as an interplanetary coronal mass ejection ( ICME ).
Solar flares strongly influence space weather near the Earth. They can produce streams of highly energetic particles in the solar wind, known as a solar proton event. These particles can impact the Earth's magnetosphere in the form of a geomagnetic storm and present radiation hazards to spacecraft and astronauts. A solar flare
By MORGAN WHITAKER New video released by NASA Thursday captures the spectacular instant the sun fired off a solar flare in Earth's direction. The video shows the coronal mass ejection that created ...
On 8 May 2024, a solar active region which had been assigned the NOAA region number 13664 (AR3664) produced an X1.0-class and multiple M-class solar flares and launched several coronal mass ejections (CMEs) toward Earth. [6] On 9 May, the active region produced an X2.25- and X1.12-class flare each associated with a full-halo CME.