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Ammonium chloride is an inorganic chemical compound with the chemical formula N H 4 Cl, also written as [NH 4]Cl. ... Using rubber pumps, air (acting as gas-carrier ...
A gas carrier, gas tanker, ... ammonia and vinyl chloride over long distances. Today, fully refrigerated ships range in capacity from 20,000 to 100,000 m ...
Wöhler demonstrated the reaction in his original publication with different sets of reactants: a combination of cyanic acid and ammonia, a combination of silver cyanate and ammonium chloride, a combination of lead cyanate and ammonia and finally from a combination of mercury cyanate and cyanatic ammonia (which is again cyanic acid with ammonia ...
Ammonia is considered to be a weak base. It combines with acids to form ammonium salts; thus, with hydrochloric acid it forms ammonium chloride (sal ammoniac); with nitric acid, ammonium nitrate, etc. Perfectly dry ammonia gas will not combine with perfectly dry hydrogen chloride gas; moisture is necessary to bring about the reaction. [38] [39]
To further confirm ammonia, it is passed through a glass rod dipped in an HCl solution (hydrochloric acid), creating white dense fumes of ammonium chloride. NH 3 (g) + HCl(aq) → [NH 4 ]Cl(s) Ammonia, when passed through CuSO 4 ( copper(II) sulfate ) solution, changes its color from blue to deep blue, forming Schweizer's reagent .
Ammonium chloride precipitates and is removed by filtration, and the solution is recycled to produce more sodium carbonate. Hou's process eliminates the production of calcium chloride. The byproduct ammonium chloride can be refined, used as a fertilizer and may have greater commercial value than CaCl 2, thus reducing the extent of waste beds.
Inorganic chloramines are produced by the reaction of ammonia and hypochlorous acid or chlorine. An urban legend claims that mixing household bleach (aqueous sodium hypochlorite) with ammonia-based cleaners releases chlorine gas or mustard gas; in reality, the gas produced by the reaction is a mixture of inorganic chloramines.
For example, in ammonium chloride solution, NH + 4 is the main influence for acidic solution. It has greater K a value compared to that of water molecules; K a of NH + 4 is 5.6 × 10 −10, and K w of H 2 O is 1.0 × 10 −14. This ensures its deprotonation when reacting with water, and is responsible for the pH below 7 at room temperature.