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1984 R. v. Guerin 2 S.C.R. 335 was a landmark Supreme Court of Canada decision on aboriginal rights where the Court first stated that the government has a fiduciary duty towards the First Nations of Canada and established aboriginal title to be a sui generis right. The Musqueam Indian band won their case. 1985 Bill C-31.
The ratifying of the Slavery Convention by Canada in 1953 began the country's international commitments to address modern slavery. [58] Human trafficking in Canada is a legal and political issue, and Canadian legislators have been criticized for having failed to deal with the problem in a more systematic way. [ 59 ]
Slavery in territories that would become today's Canada may have begun as far back as 1500 BC. [3] Among indigenous peoples of Canada, children of slaves could inherit the condition of enslavement. [4] In some tribes in the Pacific Northwest, about a quarter of the population consisted of enslaved people. [5]
"Residential Schools in Canada: A Timeline" (2020) – Historica Canada (3:59min) Beginning in 1874 and lasting until 1996, [ 95 ] the Canadian government, in partnership with the dominant Christian Churches, [ 96 ] ran 130 residential boarding schools across Canada for Indigenous children, who were forcibly taken from their homes.
The federal government did provide emergency relief, on condition of the Indigenous peoples moving to the Indian reserve. [3] Today, these agreements are upheld by the Government of Canada, administered by Canadian Aboriginal law and overseen by the Minister of Crown–Indigenous Relations. They are often criticized and are a leading issue ...
For many years, Canada did not negotiate with First Nations to address their aboriginal title. Canadian court judgments and political pressure led to a change in ways following the Canadian Centennial year. The first treaty implemented under the new framework was the James Bay and Northern Quebec Agreement in 1970 between the Cree and Quebec.
National Indigenous Peoples Day, formerly National Aboriginal Day, June 21, recognizes the cultures and contributions of Aboriginal peoples of Canada. [117] There are currently over 600 recognized First Nations governments or bands encompassing 1,172,790 2006 people spread across Canada with distinctive Aboriginal cultures, languages, art, and ...
The federal government did provide emergency relief, on condition of the Indigenous peoples moving to the Indian reserve. [14] Today, these agreements are upheld by the Government of Canada, administered by Canadian Aboriginal law and overseen by the Minister of Crown–Indigenous Relations. They are often criticized and are a leading issue ...