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Two subgenera are generally known to gardeners as "Azaleas", and include many fewer true species: Pentanthera, which comprises the deciduous azaleas, and Tsutsusi, which includes evergreen azaleas. [3] Modern cladistic analysis, based on nuclear genetics, proposes changes in the classification of species within subgenera.
North American azaleas are commonly confused with azaleas of Asian origin, the evergreen azaleas. North American azaleas are deciduous and produce two types of buds. One is a larger and produces about 20 flowers while the other bud produces a leafy shoot. [1] The flower color, fragrance, and number of stamens vary among species.
The Azalea Society of America designated Houston, Texas, an "azalea city". [citation needed] The River Oaks Garden Club has conducted the Houston Azalea Trail every spring since 1935. [citation needed] Valdosta, Georgia is called the Azalea City, as the plant grows in profusion there. The city hosts an annual Azalea Festival in March.
Azaleas put on quite a show in the spring if they have been protected well during winter. Learn how to protect azaleas in every hardiness zone in winter.
The Tsutsusi are amongst the most popular of the cultivated azaleas, and were cultivated in China and Japan prior to their introduction to Europe, and have an important role in the horticultural industry. They are grown as landscape plants in appropriate climates, and also as potted plants and Bonsai. [5]
Rhododendron calendulaceum, the flame azalea, [3] is a species of Rhododendron. It is a deciduous shrub that grows up to 120–450 cm tall. This species of Rhododendron is native to the Appalachian Mountains in the eastern United States, ranging from southern Pennsylvania and Ohio to northern Georgia.