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The Zollverein (pronounced [ˈtsɔlfɛɐ̯ˌʔaɪn]), or German Customs Union, was a coalition of German states formed to manage tariffs and economic policies within their territories. Organized by the 1833 Zollverein treaties , it formally started on 1 January 1834.
On 1 January 1834, the treaty came into effect and the new German Customs Union (the Zollverein) was formed. The South German Customs Union was responsible for the introduction of the systematic census. [11] It also played a role in the unification of German weights and measures, a process which the German Customs Union of 1834 brought to ...
Prussian-Hessian Customs Union, map from 1872. The Prussian-Hessian Customs Union (German: preußisch-hessische Zollverein) was a customs union between the Kingdom of Prussia and the Grand Duchy of Hesse that was established in 1828.
The first major step towards a Lesser German solution was the Zollverein, a customs union formed by the treaties of 1833, with Prussia being the primary driver behind the customs union. [8] Although it was formally inaugurated on 1 January 1834, its origins may be traced to a variety of custom unions among the German states, formed beginning ...
In contrast, Hanover formed its own customs union - the “Tax Union” or Steuerverein - in 1834 with Brunswick and with Oldenburg in 1836. The external tariffs on finished goods and overseas raw materials and were below the rates of the Zollverein. Brunswick joined the Zollverein Customs Union in 1842. Hanover finally joined in 1854.
The Zollverein in the German states (1834–1919) – Remained in effect after German unification and not dissolved until superseded by the Weimar Constitution of 1919. – Customs union between Austria (later Austria–Hungary) from 1852 to 1918. Was replaced by the Liechtenstein–Switzerland customs union in 1924. [24]
In 1834, the Zollverein ("customs union") was formed among the states of the Confederation, to create better trade flow and reduce internal competition.
In 1836, when the Hessian customs system was merged with the Zollverein, Homburg followed it into the Zollverein. On 8 December 1837, Hesse-Homburg joined the South German monetary convention, which had been formed in Munich on 25 August 1837. On 20 November 1838, it also coined the monetary convention that was formed at Dresden on 20