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Specific-pathogen-free (SPF) is a term used for laboratory animals that are guaranteed free of particular pathogens. Use of SPF animals ensures that specified diseases do not interfere with an experiment. For example, absence of respiratory pathogens such as influenza is desirable when investigating a drug's effect on lung function.
Specific strains of the New Zealand White have been developed, with differing resistance to disease and cancers. Additionally, some experiments call for the use of 'specific pathogen free' animals, which require specific husbandry and intensive hygiene. [citation needed]
[1] [2] Mycoplasma gallisepticum is a significant pathogen in poultry. Mycoplasmosis is the disease caused by infection with mycoplasmas. Mycoplasmas have many defining characteristics. Mycoplasma lack cell walls, have highly variable surface proteins and a distinctive plasma membrane, and are the smallest self-replicating prokaryotes.
This process uses a non-germ-free mother which is sacrificed and sterilized before the pups' birth. After the cesarean birth, the pups must then be transferred to a sterile incubator with a germ-free mother for feeding and growth. [9] [10] These methods are only required for the generation of a germ-free mouse line. Once a line is generated ...
The poultry microbiome is an understudied, yet extremely impactful part of the poultry industry. Poultry is defined as any avian species used for production purposes such as food or down feathers. [1] The United States consumes more poultry, specifically broiler meat, than any other type of protein. [2] Worldwide, poultry makes up 33% of ...
Poultry diseases occur in poultry, which are domesticated birds kept for their meat, eggs or feathers. [1] Poultry species include the chicken , turkey , duck , goose and ostrich . [ 1 ]
The disease carries a high mortality rate, and is particularly highly fatal in poultry, and less in other birds. Currently, no prescription drug is approved to treat this disease. [3] Poultry (especially free-ranging) and wild birds commonly harbor a number of parasitic worms with only mild health problems from them. Turkeys are much more ...
S. hyicus is a known animal pathogen. It causes disease in poultry, [2] cattle, [3] horses, [4] and pigs. [5] Most notably, it is the agent that causes porcine exudative epidermitis, also known as greasy pig disease, in piglets. [6]