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Sima often takes the form of basalt when on the surface. In geology, sima (/ ˈ s aɪ m ə /) is an antiquated [1] blended term for the lower layer of Earth's crust. This layer is made of rocks rich in magnesium silicate minerals. Typically, when the sima comes to the surface, it is basalt, so sometimes this layer is called the 'ocean layer' of ...
The rocks of the crust fall into two major categories – sial (aluminium silicate) and sima (magnesium silicate). [13] It is estimated that sima starts about 11 km below the Conrad discontinuity , [ 14 ] though the discontinuity is not distinct and can be absent in some continental regions.
The thickness of Earth's crust (km). The continental crust consists of various layers, with a bulk composition that is intermediate (SiO 2 wt% = 60.6). [5] The average density of the continental crust is about, 2.83 g/cm 3 (0.102 lb/cu in), [6] less dense than the ultramafic material that makes up the mantle, which has a density of around 3.3 g/cm 3 (0.12 lb/cu in).
Because of the large pressures, over geologic time, the sima flows like a very viscous liquid, so, in a real sense, the sial floats on the sima, in isostatic equilibrium. [9] Mountains extend down as well as up, much like icebergs on the ocean; [ 9 ] so that on the continental plates , the sial runs between 5 km and 70 km deep.
Oceanic crust is primarily composed of mafic rocks, or sima, which is rich in iron and magnesium. It is thinner than continental crust , or sial , generally less than 10 kilometers thick; however, it is denser, having a mean density of about 3.0 grams per cubic centimeter as opposed to continental crust which has a density of about 2.7 grams ...
Sima is not the same as mafic, nor is Sial the same as felsic. Both terms are broader than the ones you suggest. For example, as noted in the article, both mafic and ultramafic rocks come from the sima. This is not a mineralogy or petrology article, it is about basic crustal structure and geochemistry.
The butterfly diagram show a data-flow diagram connecting the inputs x (left) to the outputs y that depend on them (right) for a "butterfly" step of a radix-2 Cooley–Tukey FFT algorithm. This diagram resembles a butterfly as in the Morpho butterfly shown for comparison, hence the name. A commutative diagram depicting the five lemma
In mathematics, a structure on a set (or on some sets) refers to providing it (or them) with certain additional features (e.g. an operation, relation, metric, or topology). Τhe additional features are attached or related to the set (or to the sets), so as to provide it (or them) with some additional meaning or significance.