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Abdominal pain, tenderness [2] Complications: Sepsis, abscess [2] Usual onset: Sudden or more gradual [2] Causes: Trauma, following colonoscopy, bowel obstruction, colon cancer, diverticulitis, stomach ulcers, ischemic bowel, C. difficile infection [2] Diagnostic method: CT scan, plain X-ray [2] Treatment: Emergency surgery in the form of an ...
It is characterized by a very dilated colon , accompanied by abdominal distension , and sometimes fever, abdominal pain, or shock. Toxic megacolon is usually a complication of inflammatory bowel disease , such as ulcerative colitis and, more rarely, Crohn's disease , and of some infections of the colon, including Clostridioides difficile ...
Ogilvie syndrome, or acute colonic pseudo-obstruction, is the acute dilatation of the colon in the absence of any mechanical obstruction in severely ill patients. [1]Acute colonic pseudo-obstruction is characterized by massive dilatation of the cecum (diameter > 10 cm) and right colon on abdominal X-ray.
Depending on the level of obstruction, bowel obstruction can present with abdominal pain, abdominal distension, and constipation.Bowel obstruction may be complicated by dehydration and electrolyte abnormalities due to vomiting; respiratory compromise from pressure on the diaphragm by a distended abdomen, or aspiration of vomitus; bowel ischemia or perforation from prolonged distension or ...
The total removal of the colon, called a colectomy or resection of affected parts of the colon may be needed if part of the gut dies (for instance toxic megacolon), or if there is a localized area of dysmotility. Gastric and colonic pacemakers have been tried. These are strips placed along the colon or stomach which create an electric discharge ...
Endoscopic image of a posterior wall duodenal ulcer with a clean base, which is a common cause of upper gastrointestinal hemorrhage and could potentially lead to perforation. Specialty: Gastroenterology Symptoms: Abdominal pain, vomiting, nausea: Complications: Bowel perforation, sepsis, gastrointestinal hemorrhage: Usual onset: Sudden: Risk ...
First, the excessive bacterial concentrations can cause direct inflammation of the small bowel cells, leading to an inflammatory diarrhea. The malabsorption of lipids, proteins and carbohydrates may cause poorly digestible products to enter into the colon. This can cause an osmotic diarrhea or stimulate the colonic cells to cause a secretory ...
A human colon is considered abnormally enlarged if it has a diameter greater than 12 cm [3] in the cecum (it is usually less than 9 cm [4]), greater than 6.5 cm [3] in the rectosigmoid region and greater than 8 cm [3] for the ascending colon. The transverse colon is usually less than 6 cm in diameter. [4] A megacolon can be either acute or ...