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Chlorine pentafluoride is an interhalogen compound with formula ClF 5. This colourless gas is a strong oxidant that was once a candidate oxidizer for rockets. The molecule adopts a square pyramidal structure with C 4v symmetry, [1] as confirmed by its high-resolution 19 F NMR spectrum. [2] It was first synthesized in 1963. [3]
The compounds are weak Lewis bases, with NF 3 again being an exception. [84] The pentafluorides of phosphorus [85] and arsenic [86] are much more reactive than their trifluorides; antimony pentafluoride is such a strong acid that it holds the title of the strongest Lewis acid. [86]
Chlorine monofluoride: Chlorine trifluoride: Chlorine pentafluoride: Molar mass: 54.45 g/mol 92.45 g/mol 130.45 g/mol CAS number: Melting point: −155.6 °C −76.3 °C −103 °C Boiling point: −100 °C 11.8 °C −13.1 °C Standard enthalpy of formation Δ f H° gas: −50.29 kJ/mol −158.87 kJ/mol −238.49 kJ/mol
Structure of xenon oxytetrafluoride, an example of a molecule with the square pyramidal coordination geometry. Square pyramidal geometry describes the shape of certain chemical compounds with the formula ML 5 where L is a ligand. If the ligand atoms were connected, the resulting shape would be that of a pyramid with a square base.
Chloryl fluoride is the chemical compound with the formula ClO 2 F. It is commonly encountered as side-product in reactions of chlorine fluorides with oxygen sources. [1] It is the acyl fluoride of chloric acid.
All have the sodium chloride (rock salt) structure and are soluble in water and even some alcohols. [1] Because the fluoride anion is highly basic, many alkali metal fluorides form bifluorides with the formula MHF 2. Sodium and potassium bifluorides are significant to the chemical industry. [2]
Phosphorus pentafluoride is a relatively inert gas, notable as a mild Lewis acid and a fluoride ion acceptor. It is a fluxional molecule in which the axial (ax) and equatorial (eq) fluorine atoms interchange positions by the Berry pseudorotation mechanism.
Chlorine trifluoride is an interhalogen compound with the formula ClF 3. It is a colorless, poisonous, corrosive, and extremely reactive gas that condenses to a pale-greenish yellow liquid, the form in which it is most often sold (pressurized at room temperature).